Cut Worms and Canker Worms. 435 
study of the pests and the invention of means for their destruc- 
tion are, however, continually progressing, and one can only 
keep himself informed of this progress, and profit by improve- 
ments, by diligent reading of California periodicals devoted 
to practical horticulture. 
INSECTS DESTROYING FOLIAGE. 
Army Worms.—Smooth caterpillars about an inch or more 
in length when fully grown; prevailing color black, with light- 
colored stripes on the sides; moving forward in large bodies, 
hence the name; six forward legs; eight central legs; two rear 
legs; usually most destructive to grass and grain, but invade 
vineyards and orchards. Most available remedy is spraying the 
leaves with Paris green, one pound to two hundred gallons of 
water on most growth but not stronger than one pound to two 
hundred and fifty gallons on peach trees. The progress of the 
worms can be temporarily arrested by plowing furrows in dry 
ground outside the planted area and treatment of them by burn- 
ing or crushing outside this barricade. 
Cut Worms.—Smooth, plump. dull-colored caterpillars de- 
stroying buds and leaves at night and hiding by day in loose dirt 
at the base of the plant. Remedy: Paris green as above, or used 
upon bunches of alfalfa or other vegetation placed at the base 
of the plant as a trap, or uncovering and collecting the worms, 
or using the bran and arsenic remedy which will be mentioned 
later for grasshoppers. 
Canker Worms.—Slim caterpillars of different colors, mov- 
ing by a looping gait, and often completely defoliating trees 
very early in the season. Remedy: Paris green spray, and 
Canker-worm Moths; a Male, 4 Female. 
banding of the trees with paper on which is spread a mixture of 
printers’ ink and molasses, to prevent the wingless moth from 
ascending the trees to deposit eggs on the twigs. In this mild 
climate these bands must be put on in December and main- 
tained through the winter. The use of a trap has largely super- 
seded these bands as follows: Take No. 16 or 14 wire cloth in 
strips six inches wide, draw and tack the top edge close to the 
trunk of the tree over a bandage of cloth two inches or less wide 
which is put on first to make the joint tight. The lower edge 
