450 Twig Borers. 
trees. The wash penetrates the borings which cover them, and 
kills. If it is not desirable to use this wash for scales or fungi in 
addition to the peach moth, kerosene eniulsion, diluted with one 
part of the stock emulsion to six parts of water, is a cheaper 
treatment. It can be used from December onward through the 
winter. ‘he kerosene reaches the worms in their winter quar- 
ters very successfully. 
The Olive Twig-borer and Its Work. 
The Olive Twig-Borer.—A reddish brown beetle boring into 
twigs of olive and other orchard trees, and grape canes, at the 
axils of the leaves. The insect is shown in the engraving, some- 
what enlarged, as the line on the right shows the natural length 
of the insect. It is Polycaon confertus, and it breeds in decaying 
logs and stumps and old grape-vines, apparently visiting the fruit 
trees merely to gratify its appetite. Its work is not fatal to the 
tree, but unless proper pruning and attention be afterwards 
given, it may spoil the shape of a young tree. Reniove the af- 
fected branches below the burrow of the beetle, or if it would 
be difficult to replace a branch, see that the beetle is destroyed 
and the entrance to the hole stopped up—this to prevent decay 
and a weak branch following. Spraying with ill-smelling solu- 
tions may prevent their attack, ‘but the insect has not beeti suf- 
ficiently abundant to invite serious effort thus far. 
Peach Crown-Borer—A grub boring into peach trees just 
below the ground surface, its presence being shown by copious 
gumming. The insect, which has become quite troublesome in 
Santa Clara County, resembles the Eastern crown-borer of the 
peach, but is a distinct species (Sannania pacifica, Riley). The 
