153 



great variety of soils — some on saiifl, as at Tiiv.cau Bay ; on the Brisbane 

 slate, as at tlie ujiper part of tlie North and South I'iue Rivers, Ithaca Creeli, 

 and JCnoggera Creelc; on the Devonian slate, as at :\Io!,'sill Creek; and on 

 basalt covering coal-shale, as at the Rosewood Scrub to the west of Ipswich. 

 When this Pine grows on anything like level ground, farmers know they can 

 grow maize, sugar-cane, &e., and, therefore, many pine-scrubs are cleared for 

 cultivation, to the injury of the c-ountry from the timber-merchant's point of 

 view. 



The Cata]o{|ue of the Quensland Forestry Museum (1904) says: — 



Abundant in many of our coastal scrubs from the JIacpherson /Range in the 

 south to Gladstone; also in the Ipswich, Toowuoomba, Warwick, Nanango, 

 Mackay, and Bowen districts. 



It has been found to occur in Papua, at an elevation of 10,000 feet. 



Propagation. — From seed, which, however, soon loses its germinating- 

 power, and in order 'that it may travel long distances safely, it is safest to 

 cither sow it in Wardian casein, or to pack it in charcoal. It is cultivated 

 for ornamental purposes, and Mr. Walter Hill thus enthusiastically speaks 

 of it: — " This majestic tree is, without exception, the most ornamental and 

 useful tree in Queensland. Its beautiful regular pyramidical form, and the 

 sombre green of its awl-shaped foliage, command general admiration." 



It is, indeed, in my view, handsomer than the Norfolk Island Pine (_A. 

 excelsa), which is much more cultivated, but it does not appear to be so 

 hardy under cultivation as that species, and is much more liable to suffer 

 by the wind. 



See p. &03 of my article on Conifers in the Agricultural Gazette of 

 N.S.W. for December, 1907. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE 131. 



A. Twig, young growth. 



B. Twig bearing staminiferous flowers (male amenta or catkins). 

 e, D." Stamens, with 4 or 5 anther-cells., 



(N.B. — A stamen can only have one anther; the anther has in 

 Phauerogama" generally 2 cells, but in Coniferse from few to 

 numerous cells.) 



K. Unfertilized fruiting cone. 



F, G. Vertical sections of two different unfertilized fniiting cones. 



H. Seed, adnate to the scale. 



I. Mature cone. 



The Cypress Pines of New South Wales. 

 Genus Callitris. 



Habitat. — As a very general rule the trees are of a neat pyramidal shape, 

 e.g., C. rohusta. Sometimes they are of a more or less pendent habit at the 

 top, e.g.f C. cupressiformis. C. verrucosa^ is also without a main stem, 

 forming a congeries of thin stems from a woody stock, somewhat after the 

 fashion of a mallee. ' 



Fruits. — They vary much in size; those of C cupressiformis are the 

 smallest, while those of C. verrucosa and C. propinqua are the largest. 

 They usually persist on the branches for many years. 0. rohusta and C. 

 cupressiformis, for example, appear to be an exception in this respect. In 

 these species one can always find large numbers under the trees and on the 

 young wood, but in some other species, e.g.^ verrucosa and propinqua, they 

 are always on old wood. 



