REFERENCES AND QUOTATIONS, 313 
* Hilgendorf, Ueber Planorbis multiformis in Steinheimer Siiss- 
wasserkalk. Monatsbcricht des Berliner Akademie aus dem Jahre 
1866. P. 474, &c. 
2% Waagen, Die Formenreihe des Ammonites subradiatus, 
Beneke’s Beitrige, 1869. Vol. 2. 
Zittel, Die Fauna der altern Cephalopoden fiihrenden Tithonbil- 
dungen. Paldontologische Mittheilungen, 1870, 
Neumayr, Jurastudien. Jahrbuch der geologischen Reichsanstalt, 
1871, 
L,. Wiirtenberger, Neuer Beitrag zum geologischen Beweise der 
Darwin’ schen Theorie, 1873. 
6 Darwin, The Variation of Plants and Animals under Domesti- 
cation 1868, 
7 L, Oken, Die Zeugung, 1805. Lehrbuch der Naturphiloso- 
phie, 1809-11, Pt. 3. 
23 | have borrowed the following account from my essay : “ Wae 
Goethe ein Darwinianer?” (Was Goethe a Darwinist?) Gratz, 
Leuschner and Lubinsky, 1871. 
Also another small work of mine: “ Goethe’s Verhaltniss zu den 
erganischen Naturwissenschaften” (Berlin, 1852). To the pas- 
sages given in the text, which might make Goethe appear as a 
Darwinist, I may add the following from Eckermann’s “ Gesprache 
mit Goethe” (3 Ed. p. 191). “Thus man has in his skull two 
empty cavities. The question why? would not go far, whereas 
the question how? teaches me that these cavities are remains 
of the animal skull, which in those inferior organisms exist to 
a greater degree, and are not’ entirely lost even in man, notwith- 
standing his higher elevation.” 
"29 A somewhat depreciative opinion of Goethe’s importance in 
this sphere is pronounced by V. Carus in his “ Geschichte der 
Zoologie” (Miinchen, 1872). The reader may compare: “ How 
little, notwithstanding his repeated ‘study of anatomy, he had 
gained a true insight into the structure of animals, as determined 
by law, is testified by his Introduction to Comparative Anatomy. 
He finds no other means of harmonizing the dry details of descrip- 
tive anatomy, and the morphology which vaguely hovered before 
him, but by indicating the idéa of a primitive type for animals, 
which he is, however, unable to define or to render in any way 
palpable by more general indications. His whole idiosyncrasy 
