62 Veterinary Medicine. 



the greater facility with which cultures can be made of the sep- 

 ticsemic cocco-bacillus and in the absence of gas production in 

 such cultures. The malignant oedema comes from a single acci- 

 dental deep inoculation from almost any rich soil, and is not a 

 malady spreading widely and generally on given limited damp, 

 rich lands which have become infected. Finally the cocco- 

 bacillus of septicaemia hsemorrhagica is found singly in the blood 

 or exudate, whereas the microbes of malignant oedema may be 

 found in form of sporeless filaments intermingled with the bacilli . 



Mortality. The hsemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle cuts off 

 from 50 to 80 per cent, of the animals attacked. 



Prevention. The first consideration is to isolate and kill all the 

 affected animals, to destroy the carcasses by burning or boiling' 

 and to burn or di.sinfect all objects that may have become con- 

 taminated. The buildings, yards, and fences, must be disinfected, 

 and as the bacillus is very resistant a solution of corrosive subli- 

 mate and .sodium chloride, a drachm of each to the gallon of 

 water may be freely used after thorough cleansing. Or a white- 

 wash containing ^ lb. chloride of lime to each gallon may be 

 substituted. Feeding and drinking troughs may be burned. 

 Manure may be freely treated with sulphuric acid. Infected 

 fields should be closed for years and if possible drained. 



Immunization of buffalo and sheep has been secured by making 

 cultures of the microbe in free air at 86° to 90° F. and inoculating^ 

 the animals with the weakened virus, on three successive occa- 

 sions with intervals of several days. It induces a transient fever, 

 with no .serious phenomena (Oreste and Armanni). A second 

 available method is to pass the virus through the system of the 

 pigeon and inoculate with the pigeon's blood, on three successive 

 occasions, the animals to be protected. It is manifestly impossible 

 to put such immunizing methods in force on wild deer, and for 

 these probably the best course is to drive them from the infected 

 range, to an uninfected one, having retained them for a few days- 

 interval in a confined area, to allow of any already infected ani- 

 mals developing the disease. A similar avoidance of waters run- 

 ning from the infected tract is imperative. 



Treatment, has been unsuccessful. Friedberger failed with 

 hypodermic injection of carbolic acid, and internal adminLstra- 

 tration of salicylic acid. Gal gave subcutem 5 per cent, solution 



