Distemper in Dogs and Cats. 169 



Schantyr, ignoring the cocci, describes three baciUi which 

 cause three different diseases (distemper, abdominal typhus, and 

 typhoid), but the distinctions are not clear nor generally accepted. 



Ijignieres and Even, in Argentina, and dealing with the more 

 susceptible high bred dogs (fox terriers, great Danes and carlins), 

 found constantly in the blood of the dog, in the early stages of 

 the disease, a long, delicate bacillus, non-motile and easily 

 stained in aniline, but not by Gram's method. Inoculated on 

 the Guinea pig it shortens, approximating rapidly in succe.ssive 

 passages to a cocco-bacillus, and assumes the general characters 

 of \i\%x\\^r&s' s pasteurella. Different bacteria may be found in the 

 lungs, bronchial and nasal mucus, tears and vesicles. 



Ijignieres's pasteurella is inoculable on the Guinea pig, mouse, 

 rabbit, and dog, producing the symptoms of local or general in- 

 fection. Two centigrammes, subcutem, in the Guinea pig, pro- 

 duced a local oedema, disappearing in four or five days and se- 

 curing immunity. Five cc. subcutem proved fatal in 48 hours ; 

 intraperitoneal in 24 hours. In the rabbit i cc, subcutem, 

 caused local oedema for 2 days and hyperthermia (104°) for 3 

 days ; i cc. intravenously, caused fever for 3 weeks, difffueut 

 blood and hsemorrhagic lesions in lungs, liver, kidneys, bowels, 

 spleen, and serosse. In the mouse, 4 to 8 drops, subcutem, 

 caused oedema, and recovery or death in 2 to 4 days. In such 

 cases the microbe was found in pure cultures in the blood or in- 

 oculated tissues. 



Inoculations of the pure cultures on dogs produced in different 

 cases, gastro-enteritis, pneumonia, pleuro-pericarditis, and ar- 

 thritis, in various combinations. If the animal survives it is 

 immune. 



Grown on peptonized bouillon, neutral or slightly alkaline, the 

 bacillus forms, in 24 hours, small granular colonies which fall to 

 the bottom, leaving the liquid clear. The addition of serum 

 renders this more abundant without causing opacity. 



Qw pancreatic bouillon the growth is very free without indol. 



On gelatine plates there are fine punctiform colonies, trans- 

 parent, but becoming white and opaque in 8 or 10 days. Similar 

 colonies form in stab and streak cultures. The gelatine is not 

 liquefied. Cultures in milk cause neither coagulation nor acidity. 

 There is little or no growth in hay tea, on potato, nor in vacuum. 

 The cultures have the peculiar odor of the pasteurella. 



