Emphysematous Anthrax. 189 



recoveries as 2 per cent. It is probable that in districts and coun- 

 tries where the malady is all but ubiquitous, the surviving ani- 

 mals are racially immune, or they have been largely exposed and 

 in some degree virtually immunized at an early age. 



WallrafE mentions a success from applying a tight ligature 

 around an infected limb, above the seat of the tumor and freely 

 scarifying the latter so as to freely admit the air. For swellings 

 elsewhere, scarifications and the free application and injection of 

 peroxide of hydrogen or potassium permanganate (2 to 3: 100) 

 would be rational treatment. The same agent might be given by 

 the mouth in doses of 2 or 3 ozs. at frequent intervals. Antisep- 

 tics and tonics have been freely employed, including phenol, 

 salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, potassium iodide, quinia, alcohol, 

 phosphorated oil, ammonia acetate, and as an eliminant soda sul- 

 phate, but with no ver}' good result. IvOcally, scarification, anti- 

 septics and caustics, have been employed. 



Another line of treatment which deserves to be further exploit- 

 ed is the use of antitoxins on infected animals. An immunized 

 animal may be again and again inoculated at intervals of a week 

 or two until it has been stimulated to produce antitoxin in large 

 amount. Then after three weeks interval its blood serum or blood, 

 may be sterilized by heat, the resulting coagulum washed in dis- 

 tilled or boiled water, and filtered, and the filtrate injected subcu- 

 tem on the infected animal. 



Prevention. This is most effectively secured by sanitation of 

 the soil and buildings. Thorough drainage to secure perfect and 

 constant aeration leads to destruction of the anaerobic germ, or the 

 suspension of its pathogenic quality. Thorough culture contri- 

 butes largely to this sanitary aeration, while baking of the surface 

 counteracts it. When thorough drainage is impossible it may be 

 desirable to subject the land to gardening or to the production of 

 crops that are to be used for human consumption and not for 

 domestic animals. Kitt's suggestion, to soil cattle on hay, pro- 

 duced on such lands, and to exclude from the infected lands all 

 animals that by wounds or sores near the feet, or by raw gums 

 from shedding of teeth, furnish infection atria for the poi.son, is 

 insufficient, as stalled cattle occasionally suffer. 



When an open porous soil maintains the infection by reason of 

 the presence of an excess of decomposing organic matter, that 



