2IO Veterinary Medicine. 



haemorrhagic extravasation, make a thin film on a cover glass by 

 drawing across it the straight edge of another one, dry the film, 

 then pass it three times through the alcohol flame film downward, 

 stain in anilin dies, or clear with acetic acid and examine. The 

 bacillus is large (5 to 20 /* by i to 1.5/*), nonmotile, of uniform 

 thickness throughout, and sharply cut off at the ends. The 

 bacillus of blackquarter is shorter, often club-shaped becau.se of 

 a spore in one end, has rounded ends, is flagellate, motile and 

 gasogenic. That of malignant oedema is much thinner, has 

 rounded ends, sluggish movements and is gasogenic. The 

 bacillus subtilis (hay bacillus), is short, thick, with rounded ends 

 each bearing a flagellum and is motile. The proteus vulgaris 

 (common septic saprophyte) is small, short, with rounded ends, 

 and very active movements. If the subject is dead we may 

 examine the blood, or the scraping from the cut surface of the 

 spleen, liver, kidney, congested lymph gland or other part bearing 

 the lesion. 



If we find in the carcass exudates gelatinoid or bloody 

 (especially the latter), petechise, dark, uncoagulated blood, 

 brightening little on exposure, blood gorged spleen, congested or 

 hsemorrhagic condition of one or more internal organs, muscle or 

 connective tissue, (particularly of the lymph glands), if the 

 muscles of the loins, quarters, thighs, diaphragm or elsewhere, 

 are soft, as if parboiled or salmon-colored, clammy, friable, or if 

 reddish, yellowish, brownish, with petechise, and capillary 

 embolism the case will require critical examination. If the first 

 examination fails to show the bacilli, repeat it from different 

 lesions until thoroughly satisfied of their absence, or until another 

 cause for the condition has been discovered. The blocking of 

 the capillaries with bacilli in the various lesions is a most im- 

 portant point, never to be overlooked. 



In case of uncertainty, inoculation of a Guinea pig, mouse or 

 rabbit should be made. The blood or scraping from the seat of 

 a lesion is made into an emulsion if necessary, and injected sub- 

 cuteni. A single bacillus will destroy a mouse or Guinea pig in 

 from one to four days, and the blood shows the characteristic 

 bacilli. 



One must, however, exclude the possibility of septic bacteria, 

 excluding or obscuring the bacillus anthracis, by taking the in- 



