214 Veterin a ry Medicine . 



arises more from the microbe preserved in the soil than from the 

 sick animal direct. Two precautions are necessary in making 

 such a change of locality : ist, Animals already infected should 

 not be moved on such new pasture ; and 2d, the pasture to which 

 the stock is moved should be entirely free from the impermea- 

 bility (clays, hard pans), and saturation with water (swamps, 

 basins, low bottoms), which would ensure the permanent preser- 

 vation of any microbe planted there. Elevated, sandy, argilaceous 

 or loamy soils are to be selected. To these the animals of the 

 infected herd which by their appearance and thermometry may be 

 pronounced sound, should be removed, and kept under careful 

 supervision, especially as regards thermometric tests. Any show- 

 ing symptoms of anthrax should be at once taken back to the 

 infected herd. If they have stood in stalls, for milking or other- 

 wise, these should be disinfected, and they should be carried in 

 wagons, or driven by unfrequented roads. Their droppings 

 should be carefully disinfected. 



If, in the absence of anthrax symptoms, animals must be kept 

 in the infected lot, or returned to it, they should be immunized. 



Interdiction of Sales. No animal in the infected herd which 

 shows a rise of temperature, should be sold even for slaughter. 

 No animal should be sold for stock purposes until the disease has 

 completely subsided. Any animal in the infected herd, which 

 shows no hyperthermia nor other sign of anthrax, may be sold 

 for immediate slaughter, subject to a critical expert examination 

 of the cadaver for anthrax. Milk, the product of an infected 

 herd, and butter and cheese made from such milk, should not be 

 used as food. If those members of the herd, that show no hyper- 

 thermia or other symptom of anthrax, can be held apart as a 

 separate herd, in a disinfected place and under careful thermome- 

 tric observation, their dairy products may be used. 



Immunization. A number of different methods have been 

 practiced of rendering animals refractory to the bacillus anthracis, 

 but all are apparently based on the production in the system of 

 defensive products, as the result of a nonlethal poisoning with 

 anthrax toxins. It is true of anthrax as of many other infections 

 that a first attack protects against a second. In all animals there 

 is a certain measure of defensive power against the bacillus an- 

 thracis, amounting in some cases to virtual immunity and in 



