340 Veterinary Medicine. 



very deep central cavity, a sort of umbilicus, in which is inserted, 

 like a nail, a projection from the deep surface of the crust." 

 , I would add that after recovery the hair in the seats of the 

 nodules has a lighter color and, on the shanks and higher, re- 

 mains dappled for the season. 



No treatmejit is demanded. The application of a solution of 

 sodium bisulphite once or twice a day, or continuously on a 

 bandage, will greatly modify the intensity of the inflammation, 

 and ward off complex infections. If the skin is left tender or 

 with a disposition to crack, treat it as advised under chapped heels. 



COWPOX. VARIOLA VACCINA. 



This is manifestly the same disease,- and due to the same mi- 

 crobe as horse pox. The disease of the one genus is easily trans- 

 mitted to the other and the lesions and symptoms are the same, 

 as if the virus were derived from an animal of the same species. 

 Differences in the local manifestations appear to be due rather 

 to the varying conditions of the skin and hair follicles, than to 

 any material distinction in the virus. 



Causes. Aside from the germ (Sporidium vaccinale) the con- 

 ditions which favor infection are : the milking of susceptible cows 

 with imperfectly washed hands, after dressing legs, the seat of 

 horse pox eruption ; the milking of healthy cows after those af- 

 fected with cowpox ; and the milking with hands contaminated 

 with the exudate in cases of vaccination of man. That suscep- 

 tible cows may also be inoculated successfully from smallpox 

 patients, under given conditions appears to be true, but in West- 

 ern Europe and America this is very uncommon, and would be 

 much more so if vaccination were universally carried out. Among 

 those who claim the identity of small pox and cow pox may be 

 named Ceely, Reiter, Babcock, Thiele, Voigt and Klein. 



Ceely alleges the infection of five cows and one heifer, in 1839, 

 in England, from chewing the flock of a bed on which a small 

 pox patient had died. In 12 or 14 days they had tender con- 

 gested udders, with hard pimples imbedded in the skin, followed 

 by blasters, and brownish scabs. The milk diminished, saliva 

 drivelled from the mouth, the cheeks were inflated and retracted, 

 the coat stared, their feet were drawn together, and the back was 

 arched. The disease was communicated to the owner. This was 



