368 Veterinary Medicine. 



per cent, in acute cases, none in subacute. Prevention : separation and dis- 

 infection of fold. Treatment : antiseptics to mouth ; borax, sulphites, 

 chlorate of potash, sodium salicylate, iron chloride, copperas, silver nitrate. 

 Feed through tube or syringe. Internally, sulphites. 



Thi.s is found in all parts of France, as described by Besnoit. 



Causes. The predisposition, as in the case of many other fatal 

 internal inflammations, depends largely on faulty hygiene, foul, 

 ill ventilated, hot, clo.se, damp, overcrowded folds, without sun- 

 shine, drainage or free access to the outer air. 



The specific cause is a large coccus, isolated or in chains of 2, 3, 

 4 or more (streptococcus), and found abundantly in the pultace- 

 ous buccal exudate, and in the internal lesions developed by auto- 

 infection. It grows readily in bouillon in the form of a precipitate 

 in the bottom of the liquid, in gelatine and glucose in very small, 

 thin colonies, and on potato in creamy masses. It is stained by 

 anilin and by Gram's (iodine) preparation. 



Pathogenesis. Inoculable on the Guinea pig, it is harmless to 

 the rabbit. It is readily conveyed to lambs and kids by inocula- 

 tion, or through the teats, by licking, drinking, feeding, etc. 

 Acute cases are very virulent, subacute very little so. Isolated 

 cases of the latter are not uncommon. 



Lesions. The buccal lesions are like those of thrush {muguef). 

 The mucosa is more or less congested and reddened with raised 

 patches, of varying extent, of white, curdy looking concretions, 

 composed of excess of epithelial cells and leucocytes with an 

 abundant exudate. The specific coccus is present in great num- 

 bers and often in almost pure cultures. The internal lesions 

 found in the more acute and fatal cases are mostly in the form of 

 gastro-enteritis, hepatitis and pneumonia, containing the specific 

 cocci, and due to the inhalation or swallowing of the virulent 

 buccal products. 



Symptoms. In the acute cases an intense hyperthermia is the 

 first symptom, speedily followed by refusal to suck, the accumu- 

 lation of froth around the lips, great dulness and lassitude, pros- 

 tration, rapidly advancing debility, and emaciation, and death in 

 15 days in a condition of marasmus and inanition. When the 

 mouth is opened the curdy white or yellowi.sh white patches of 

 exudation are seen with an abundant glairy mucus, and occasion- 

 ally red, raw, angry patches from which the morbid growth has 



