Protozoan Cattle Fever. Texas Fever. Paludism of Cattle. 559 



fever has even been denied. Shortly after the rise of tempera- 

 ture, the urine becomes turbid, and this gradually encreases to a 

 more or less deep red. It assumes its darkest hue when the de- 

 struction of red globules is most active and during convalescence 

 it disappears. The suppression of urinary secretion may account 

 in some cases for the absence of this symptom even at the crisis 

 of the fever, yet, as a rule, it is present at such time, and, even 

 though it may have escaped notice during life, the red-water is 

 found in the bladder at the necropsy. It may be of all grades, 

 from the merest tinge of redness to a reddish brown, coffee- 

 grounds, or blackish aspect. The coloration is not due to red 

 globules, but to the haemoglobin which has escaped from the dis- 

 integrating globules, and been eliminated by the kidneys. It is 

 always associated with albumen, and, in the advanced stages and 

 during convalescence, when the elimination of hsemoglobin has 

 ceased, that of albumen continues in small amount for weeks. 



The thin, watery appearance of the blood when the disease has 

 reached its height, is constant and even more characteristic than 

 the red-water. A single drop drawn from the skin will show to 

 the naked eye the pale, thin, transparent appearance, but ex- 

 amination under the microscope will confirm this. It remains, 

 too, for a length of time, being recognizable for a month in cases 

 of recovery. In connection with the watery blood, the mucosae 

 and the muzzle (if naturally white) assume a pallid aspect. This 

 is best marked in the absence of icterus, yet even with the yellow 

 discoloration, the absence of ramifying red ves.sels is very charac- 

 teristic. 



The bowels are at first constipated and the faeces passed in 

 small, hard balls. I^ater they may assume a reddish brown or 

 chocolate color, and a covering of mucus and fine blood clots. Diar- 

 rhoea supervenes in some cases. In passing the faeces, the 

 everted mucosa usually shows a dark red color. 



Course and Duration. Acute cases, above all if traveled or 

 otherwise excited, may terminate in death in 24 to 48 hours. 

 More commonly death will take place in 4 to 7 days. Some 

 patients survive longer, but owing to the extraordinary loss of 

 blood globules and the lesions of important solid tissues they are 

 unable to rally, become .steadily weaker and perish in from two 

 weeks to three months. Such animals are pale and bloodless, 



