136 DISEASES OF POULTRY. 



CHAPTER VI. 



Diseases of the Organs of Urination and Re- 

 production. 



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OE THE ORGANS OF URINATION — PAREN- 

 CHYMATOUS NEPHRITIS, INFI<AMMATION OF THE KID- 

 NEYS — ABSCESS OF THE KIDNEYS — OBSTRUCTION OF THE 

 CI,OACA BY URINARY CONCRETIONS — THE MAI,E ORGANS 

 OF REPRODUCTION — HYPERTROPHY OR ENLARGEMENT OF 

 THE TESTICI^ES — CANCER OF THE TESTICI,ES — FATTY DE- 

 GENERATION — THE FEMAI,E ORGANS OP REPRODUCTION — 

 ATROPHY OF THE OVARY — TUMORS OF THE OVARY — 

 GANGRENE OF THE OVARY — INFLAMMATION OF THE 

 OVIDUCT — PROLAPSUS OR EVERSION OF THE OVIDUCT — 

 DIFFICULT LAYING, EGG BOUND, OBSTRUCTION OF THE 

 OVIDUCT — GANGRENE OF, THE OVIDUCT — RUPTURE OF 

 THE OVIDUCT — CLOACITIS, VENT GLEET — ANOMALIES IN 

 EGG PRODUCTION — EGG INCUBATED IN THE OVIDUCT — 

 PARASITES IN EGGS — SANGUINEOUS EGGS^EGGS WITH- 

 OUT SHELLS— EGGS WITH TWO YOLKS — INCOMPLETE OR 

 ABORTED EGGS — EGGS WITHIN EGGS. 



BRIEF description OF THE ORGANS OF URINATION. 



(^■•'HE; urinary apparatus of birds consists of two 



/ \ kidneys and two ureters. There is no bladder, 



^M^ the cloaca forming a common receptacle for both 



urine and faeces. The kidneys are elongated in 



form, commencing immediately below the lungs and 



extending along the sides of the spine as far as the ter - 



mination of the rectum. They present inequalities of 



surf ace corresponding to the elevations and depressions 



of the walls of the pelvis. The kidneys of birds are divid- 



