DISEASES Of POULTRY. 209 



iiles of the intestines and liver, and, also, in the con- 

 tents of the intestines. 



Sutton observed tuberculosis in grain -eating birds 

 of various parts of England and states that "the 

 occurrence of tuberculosis in these places may be re- 

 garded as showing that it is probably met with in 

 most parts of England." 



Nocard, a French veterinarian, says: "Tubercu- 



Pig. 61. — Tubercular tumor of the wing-. 



losis- is a frequent disease with birds of the poultry - 

 yard. It occurs with them in an epidemic form. It 

 attacks fowls, pheasants, pigeons, turkeys, peacocks, 

 guinea fowls, etc., and it may even be produced in 

 small birds experimentally." In 600 autopsies of 

 fowls made by Zuern, presumably in Germany, sixty - 

 two, or ten per cent, were found tuberculous. 



In the cases reported in the United States there 

 appears to have been very few instances in which the 

 diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriological examina- 

 tion and the demonstration of the bacillus. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms which are observed in 

 the tuberculosis of birds are common to other diseases, 

 and, therefore, while they are valuable as an indication 

 of the nature of the disease, they are not sufficientto 

 permit an absolutely reliable conclusion to be reached. 

 There is rapid and progressive emaciation, made 



