PARASITOLOGY. 137 
psoae muscles and lymph glands in various parts of 
the abdominal cavity; they have also been observed 
in the liver; thus multiple abscesses are sometimes 
observed in advanced cases. 
SyNGAMuS TRACHEALIS (Syn—with; Trachea.) 
(Gamus—Marriage). 
Synonyms.—Gap worm. Sclerostoma Trachealis, 
The syngamus bronchialis is found in palmipeds. 
Distribution.—Found widely distributed through- 
out the United States. 
Description.—The head is provided with capsule- 
like rings in the center of which are placed six lancet- 
like teeth; the male is small, only one-fourth to one- 
third of an inch in length, and is provided with a 
caudal pouch; the female is about one inch in length; 
the tail teminates in a blunt point; the vulva is 
located in the anterior third; the male clasps the 
female firmly during the act of copulation and does 
not release its hold even after it is removed from 
the host; this gives the specimen a forked appear- 
ance; the small one the male, the large one the 
female. 
Life Cycle.—Upon death and decomposition of the 
gap worm the ova are liberated in water or moist 
places, and the embryos develop into minute hair-like 
worms. The bird becomes infested through the food 
or water. It has also been claimed that earth worms 
act as an intermediate host. The larva migrate 
through the abdominal air sacs to the bronchi, where 
they develop to full size. 
