138 PARASITOLOGY. 
Animals Infested —Principally young chickens, tur- 
keys, pea fowls and wild game. 
Parts Infested —The trachea. 
Disease Produced.—Gapes, syngamosis. 
Symptoms.—The worms, finding their way to the 
trachea, attach themselves to the mucous membrane 
by means of their buccal apparatus, and by means of 
the six teeth they wound the mucous membrane and 
suck the blood; the bird is noticed to open its mouth 
frequently and gasp for air on account of the partial 
occlusion of the air passage by the worms; wheez- 
ing and coughing are also noted. Often the worms 
may be expelled during a severe iit of coughing; 
the bird has a loss of appetite, appears dull and 
stands around with drooping wings; finally when the 
worms form sufficient bulk to occlude the lumen 
of the trachea the animal, in its death struggle, is 
observed to throw its head over the back and, gasp- 
ing, dies of asphyxiation. 
Prophylaxits.—Moisture is necessary for the devel- 
opment of the larva; if birds be kept on a board 
floor until they are half grown the greatest danger 
will be eliminated; the floors and runs should be 
frequently sprinkled with a 1% solution of creolin or 
carbolic acid. The drinking and feeding dishes 
should be cleansed occasionally with antiseptic solu- 
tion. The dead carcasses should be burned. 
Treatment.—A horse-hair doubled several times, 
forming a loop, is often thrust down the bird’s throat, 
twisted several time and withdrawn; the worms in 
this way are removed. 
