42 The Oak Leaf Roller Moth. 



have been numerous. Whole districts and 

 whole woods are sometimes stripped bare 

 of leaves, so as to give an appearance of 

 winter. The eggs are laid in the summer 

 or autumn of the year preceding the attack 

 on or in the leaf-buds ; the caterpillars 

 hatch in the spring, and at once commence 

 to feed upon the leaves. When full fed they 

 have the power of rolling up the extremities of 

 the leaves and spinning them together with a 

 silky thread in which they turn to chrysalids ; 

 before this takes place, however, they some- 

 times leave their case and hang down by a 

 silk-like thread, drawing themselves back 

 again at will. The moth appears about the 

 end of June. 



The attack is accompanied by no previous 

 visible signs, so that it is quite impossible to 

 combat it. 



The best method, and perhaps it is the only 

 one, is to encourage, so far as possible, the 

 insectivorous birds. 



The Pine Beetles, like other boring pests, 

 commence their life in a tunnel between the 

 inner bark and the young wood. Here the 



