228 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



In Dumfriesshire, 2 humble-bees, 2 Empidae, several Muscidae, a Lepidopterid, 

 and Meligethes have been recorded (Scott-Elliot, 'Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 38). 



MacLeod observed 4 bees, 4 Lepidoptera, and a Muscid in the Pyrenees (Bot. 

 Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 402); and a humble-bee, an Empis, a wasp, 

 and a Lepidopterid in Flanders (op. cit., vi, 1894, p. 230). 



573. G. rivulare Vill. — According to Briquet (' Etudes de biol. flor. dans les 

 Alpes Occident.'), the flowers of this species are protandrous to such a degree, that 

 automatic self-pollination can only occur exceptionally. The petals are white, each 

 with red veins. The yellow anthers, after dehiscing, become extrorse, and assume 

 a violet colour. The bases of the filaments are beset with hairs, which serve to 

 protect the nectar. 



Visitors. — These are Diptera, Hymenoptera, and butterflies (Kirchner). 

 According to the observations of Loew, in the Berlin Botanic Garden, the 

 following species of Geranium are visited as stated. — 



574. G. albanum Bieb. ; a Muscid, skg. 



575. G. Arnottianum Steud. ; the honey-bee, skg. 



576. G. ibericum Cav. — 



A. Diptera. Syrphidae: i. Helophilus pendulus L. B. Hymenoptera. 



Apidae : 2. Apis mellifica L. 5, skg. ; 3. Bombus lapidarius L. 5, skg. (also, on the 

 var. plalypetajum, Apis mellifica and Prosopis communis Nyl. j). 



577. G. Pseudosibiricum J. Meyer ; the honey-bee, skg. 



578. G. reflexum L. ; do. 



579. G. rubellum Moench. — Two bees — Coelioxys elongata Lcp. j, skg., and 

 Osmia aenea L. }, do. 



580. G. ruthenicum Uechtritz ; a bee — Halictus cylindricus F. J, skg. 



581. G. sibiricum L. ; a Muscid — Anthomyia sp. — skg. 



582. G. striatum L. ; bees — Apis and Halictus leucozonius Schr. J — skg. 



172. Erodium L'Hdrit. 



Protandrous, homogamous, or protogynous flowers, with concealed nectar, 

 secreted as in the last genus. The petals are frequently dissimilar, the lower ones 

 being longer. Stamens ten, the five opposite the petals broader than the others, 

 and devoid of anthers, while those alternating with the petals bear anthers and 

 possess nectaries at their bases. 



583. E. cicutarium L'Hdrit. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 338-40; Herm. 

 Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 158—9; Ludwig, Kosmos, Leipzig, viii, 1881, pp- 3.57- 

 62, Irmischia, Sondershausen, ii, 1881, pp. 5-7, Bot. Centralbl., Cassel, viii, 1881, 

 pp. 87-8, D. bot. Monatschr., Arnstadt, i, 1883, pp. 5-7, Bot. Centralbl., Cassel, 

 xix, 1884, p. 118; MacLeod, Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, vi, 1894, pp. 234-7; 

 Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, pp. 58-9, 185; Knuih, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' 

 pp. 51-3, 152; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' pp. 341-2; Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. 

 Floristik,' p. 212; Warnstorf, Verb. bot. Ver., Berlin, xxxviii, 1896.) — Sprengel 

 has given an admirable account of the flower mechanism. F. Ludwig was the first to 



