LEGUMINOSAE 315 



Visitors. — Delpino noticed long-tongued bees : — Bombus, Eucera longicornis 

 L., Anthophcra pilipes F., and Xylocopa violacea Z. Friese saw the beautiful bee 

 Podalirius tarsatus Spin., freq., at Bozen. Ducke, at Trieste, observed the bees 

 Eucera caspica Mor. 5 and t, and Megachile (Chalicodoma) manicata Gir. 5 and t. 

 Schletterer records the following bees for Pola. — 



I. Andrena carbonaria Z. ; 2. A. flavipes Pz.; 3. A. parvula A". ; 4. Eucera 

 interrupta Baer. • 5. Halictus patellatus Mor. ; 6. H. sexcinctus F. ; 7. Podalirius 

 tarsatus Spin, (also in the Tyrol). 



222. Ornithopus L. 



Bee flowers with simple valvular arrangement. 



748. O. perpusillus L. (Herm. MUller, ' Weit. Beob.,' II, pp. 262-3; Knuth, 

 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' p. 62.) — In the diminutive yellowish flowers of this 

 species, the vexillum is streaked with purple. The bases of the petals and stamens 

 are fused with the calyx. Hermann Miiller supposed this fusion to indicate that 

 in favourable weather the base of the flower would be quite full of nectar, but on 

 examination found none at all. Nor was I able to detect any in numerous flowers 

 examined in the island of Fohr. The stamens and pistil mature simultaneously, 

 and are of equal length. Despite careful watching I observed no visitors, yet fruits 

 are regularly set, so that automatic self-pollination is undoubtedly effective. 



Visitors. — Herm. MiiUer, in Westphalia, observed only one diminutive bee 

 (Halictus fllavipes F. 5), skg. and po-cltg., and a minute digging-wasp (Passaloecus 

 turionum Dahlb. S), skg. ? 



MacLeod saw Bombus agrorum F. 5, skg. ?, in Flanders (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, vi, 1894, p. 354). 



A hover-fly has been recorded for Dumfriesshire (Scott-Elliot, ' Flora of Dum- 

 friesshire,' p. 48). 



749. O. sativus Brot. (Kirchner, ' Beitrage,' pp. 44-5 ; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. 

 Bijdragen.') — In cultivated plants of this species, Kirchner described the flower 

 mechanism as follows. — The calyx is about 5 mm. in length, and its tube 2\ mm. 

 The erect lamina of the vexillum, which projects from it, is 7-8 mm. long, and rose- 

 coloured with dark veins. The alar laminae are of a brighter hue, about 6 mm. 

 long, and with a deep longitudinal fold running parallel to their upper margin. 

 These folds overlie the carina and staminal tube in such a way as to be in con- 

 tinuous contact with them. The alae also possess rounded elastic processes, directed 

 backwards. At the posterior end of each alar lamina its process firmly interlocks 

 with a dorso-lateral carinal pit. Carina and alae are therefore intimately united in 

 this region. The spheroidal stigma is closely surrounded by the mature anthers, 

 both projecting together from the greenish carina (only i mm. long) when the alae 

 are depressed. They return into the carina when the pressure is removed. 



Although a moderately large aperture on either side the base of the upper 

 free filament leads into the staminal tube, Kirchner found no nectar even in sunny 

 weather; nor could I detect any. Kirchner thinks secretion possibly takes place 

 only under particularly favourable circumstances, or in the native habitat of the 

 species in the South. 



