334 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



Schneider saw 2 bees (Bombus nivalis Dahlh. § and S, and B. alpinus Z. 5 $1 

 and S) in Arctic Norway (Mus. Aarsh. Tromse, xvi, 1894). 



783. L. sativus L. — Kirchner gives the following account of the bright blue 

 or white flowers of this species ('Flora v. Stuttgart," pp. 511-12). The claw of the 

 large vexillum grasps the bases of the alae from above only. It is, however, attached 

 to them very firmly, for its base possesses two pairs of folds placed almost at right 

 angles to one another, and projecting inwards, so as to fit closely into corresponding 

 depressions of the alae. The front edge of the carina is strengthened by a wing-like 

 appendage, and is curved like an S, in such a way that its end lies somewhat to 

 the left. The tip of the right carinal petal is arched outwards, while the left one 

 has a deep terminal fold, in front of which the style lies in the carina. As in Pisum, 

 the alae are firmly united with the carina ; the right ala, however, where it lies 

 above the carinal tip, possesses a dilated fold contracting from above downwards, 

 through which the end of the style, with its small stigma, projects when the carina 

 is depressed. The style broadens above, and is compressed from before backwards, 

 but it is turned through an angle of 90° in such a way that its morphological inner 

 side, which bears collecting-hairs directed obliquely upwards, is directed to the left, 

 and its hairless outer surface to the right. The anthers dehisce in the bud, and dis- 

 charge their pollen into the stylar brush, by which it is transferred to insect visitors. 



Visitors. — Kirchner observed the honey-bee on cultivated plants in Wurtemberg. 

 When it settled in the middle of the flower, it was dusted with pollen on its right 

 side behind the head ; it regularly effected cross-pollination. It frequently stole 

 nectar by thrusting its proboscis into the right side of the flower, occasionally 

 touching the style with its feet. 



784. L. sylvestris L. (=L. pyrenaicus y^rrf.). (Delpino, 'Ult. oss.,' pp. 57-8; 

 Harm. MijUer, 'Fertilisation,' p. 210; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 512; 

 MacLeod, Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 439.) — Delpino describes the 

 flower of this species as asymmetrical, with an oblique stylar brush ; but the 

 asymmetry is less pronounced than in L. sativus. Kirchner says that the vexillum 

 (which is of a rose-purple colour, greenish externally) has a longer claw than 

 V. sativus, but is devoid of inwardly directed folds. Here too the greenish carina 

 is twisted, leaving a narrow nectar-passage on the right side, that is regularly 

 used by the honey-bee when stealing nectar, in doing which it only now and then 

 touches the stigma and pollen with its legs. 



Visitors. — Besides the honey-bee, Kirchner observed (VVurtemburg) Lepi- 

 doptera, as unbidden guests. 



MacLeod saw 3 species of humble-bees (skg. legitimately), and a Lepidopterid 

 in the Pyrenees. Delpino (' Ult. oss.,' I) noticed more particularly Xylocopa, Apis, 

 Bombus, Eucera, and Anthophora ; and Loew saw Apis, skg., in the Berhn Botanic 

 Garden. Herm. Miiller also observed the honey-bee (skg. and po-cltg.), as well 

 as the following Lepidoptera, all skg., but conferring no benefit: — Pieris rapae Z., 

 Plusia gamma Z., Rhodocera rhamni Z., Vanessa io Z., V. urticae Z. 



Alfken observed the following bees at Bremen. — 



I. Bombus agrorum Z'. 5 ; 2. B. derhamejlus K. J; 3. B. hortorum Z. 5 and §; 

 4. B. sylvarum Z. 5 ; 5- Megachile centuncularis Z. 5, po-cltg. ; 6. M. circumcincta 

 K. 5, do. ; 7. M. maritima K. 5, do. ; 8. Trachusa serratulae Pz. 5, do. 



