366 AN GIOSPERM AE— DICOTYLEDON ES 



Visitors. — In the island of Rom I saw the honey-bee, skg., and Muscids 

 (especially Aricia lardaria F^ at Kiel. In the island of Fohr I observed another 

 Muscid (Nemoraea consobrina Mg^, as well as a Lepidopterid (Epinephele janira Z.). 



Heinsius noticed the following in Holland. — 



A. Diptera. (a) Muscidae: i. Aricia incana Wied.i; 2. Lucilia caesar Z. S ; 

 (V) Straliomyidae : 3. Odontomyia viridula F. $ and 5 ; {c) Syrphidae : 4. Eristalis 

 pertinax Scop. 5 ; 5. Helophilus lineatus i^. S ; 6. Tropidia milesiformis Fall. 5. 

 B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 7. Bombus scrimshiranus K. 5- C. Lepidoptera. 

 Rhopalocera : 8. Epinephele janira Z. (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iv, 1892, p. 65). 



Schneider saw Bombus nivalis Dahlb. 5 in Arctic Norway (Mus. Aars. Tromsa, 

 xvii, 1895). 



251. Potentilla L. 



Flowers usually homogamous, yellow or white, with half-concealed nectar, 

 secreted as a rule only as a thin, annular, shining layer on the inner wall of the 

 receptacle, and not forming actual drops. 



862. P. Anserina L. (Herm. Mijller, 'Fertilisation,' p. 233, ' Weit. Beob.,' 



11, p. 242; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, pp. 187-8; Knuth, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. 

 Ins.,' pp. 68, 154.) — Hermann Miiller describes the yellow flowers of this species as 

 homogamous, but Schulz says that they may also be slightly protandrous or slightly 

 protogynous. The former states that there is a thin layer of nectar on the annular 

 part of the inner wall of the receptacle that surrounds the roots of the filaments, 

 and is of a dark or sometimes reddish-yellow colour. Insect visitors sometimes 

 alight in the centre, sometimes upon the petals. In the former case, they effect 

 cross-pollination ; in the latter, they often do not touch the stigmas (which are then too 

 near the middle), but only the anthers, that are covered all over with pollen. In 

 dull weather the flowers are half shut, and during the night close completely, so that 

 automatic self-pollination necessarily takes place if insect-visits fail. 



Schulz also observed gynomonoecism and gynodioecism. 



Visitors.- — I saw 2 flies (Eristalis and Anthomyia) in the island of Fohr, and 

 one (Eristalis arbustorum Z. %, po-dvg.) in the island of Rugen. 



Wiistnei noticed Andrena pilipes Fbr. in the island of Alsen. 



Herm. Miiller observed the following, of which the short-tongued bees were 

 commonest. — 



A. Coleoptera. (a) NitiduUdae : i . Meligethes, freq. (b) Staphylinidae : 

 2. Tachyporus sp., nect-lkg. (c) Telephoridae : 3. Dasytes sp., nect-lkg. B. Diptera. 

 Muscidae: 4. Anthomyia sp. §, skg. ; 5. Scatophaga merdaria F., do. C. Hemi- 

 ptera. 6. Aphanus vulgaris SchilL, skg. D. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae : 7. Apis 

 mellifica Z. 5, skg. ; 8. Halictus fiavipes F. 5, po-cltg. ; 9. H. sexstrigatus Schenck j, 

 do.; 10. H. zonulus Sm. 5. skg.; 11. Sphecodes gibbus Z., do. (iJ) Formicidae: 



12. Lasius niger Z. 5> necl-lkg. (r) Sphegidae: 13. Oxybelus bellus Dahlb.; 

 14. O. uniglumis Z. 



Herm. Miiller also observed Bombus terrester, po-cltg., in the Alps (' Alpen- 

 blumen,' p. 221); and von Dalla Torre saw two bees in the Tyrol — i. Andrena 

 proxima K.%; 2. Melecta luctuosa Scop. 5. The latter is recorded by Schletterer 

 for the same region. 



Loew noticed the Syrphid Pyrophaena rosarum F., skg., in Silesia (' Beitrage, 

 P- 3°)- 



