528 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



Heringsdorf in the island of Usedom, Apis mellifica L. 5, skg., and Bombus lapidarius 

 L. 5, do., together with numerous nect-skg. sp. of Vespa, especially V. vulgaris L., 

 V. media Relz., and V. sylvestris Scop. 



Herm. Muller (H. M.) and Buddeberg (Budd.) give the following list. — 



A. Diptera. Syrphidae: i. Helophilus floreus Z., skg. (?) (H. M.). 

 B. Hymenoptera. (c) Apidae ■ 2. Apis mellifica L. 5, freq., skg., (H. M.); 



3. Bombus agrorum F. g, skg. (H. M.) ; 4. B. pratorum Z. 5, do. (H. M.); 

 5. Eucera longicornis Z. S, do. (H. M.); 6. Halictus sexnotatus K. j, freq., 

 skg. and po-dvg. (H. M., Budd.); 7. H. smeathmanellus K. 5, skg. (Budd.); 

 8. Megachile centuncularis Z. S, do. (H. M.). (b) Sphegidae: 9. Ammophila 

 sabulosa Z., do. (H. M.). (c) Vespidae: 10. Eumenes pomiformis F. (Budd.), do.; 

 II. Odynerus sp., perforating the flowers from outside (H. M.) ; 12. Polistes 

 diadema Ltr. (H. M.) ; 13. P. gallica Z. ; 14. Vespa media Retz. (H. M.) ; 15. V. 

 rufa Z. (H. M.) ; 16. V. saxonica F. (H. ]\I.) ; 17. V. sylvestris Scop. 5, skg. (H. M., 

 Budd.). 



Loew noticed the following in Brandenburg (' Beitrage,' p. 42). — 



A. Diptera. (a) Muscidae: i. Lauxania aenea Fall. (U) Syrphidae: all 

 skg. ; 2. Eristalis arbustorum Z. ; 3. Helophiius floreus Z. ; 4. Syritta pipiens Z. ; 

 5. Syrphus balteatus Deg.; 6. S. corollae F. B. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae: 

 all skg.; 7. Halictus cylindricus Z". $ ; 8. H. malachurus .^. S. (3) Vespidae: all 

 skg.; 9. Eumenes pomiformis Z". ; 10. Odynerus parietum Z. 11. O. parietum Z. 

 ( = 0. renimacula Lep. }); 12. Vespa sylvestris Scop. 5. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Alfken (Bremen), a Cerambycid (Judolia cerambyciformis Schr., freq.), 2 true 

 wasps (Vespa media Retz. 5, and V. sylvestris Scop."), and 11 bees — x. Andrena 

 convexiuscula K. 5 ; 2. Bombus agrorum F. 5 ; 3- B. derhamellus K. 5 and ; 



4. B. hortorum Z. 5 ; 5. B. jonellus K. 5 and $, skg.; 6. B. lucorum Z. 5 and 5; 

 7. B. muscorum F. i; 8. B. pratorum Z. 5 and S ; 9. B. terrester Z. S ; 

 I o. Podalirius parietinus F. <}\ n . Psithyrus vestalis Fourcr. J. Schmiedeknecht 

 (Thuringia), the bee Andrena combinata Chr. von Dalla Torre (Tyrol), the bee 

 Halictus morio F. 5, very freq. MacLeod (Flanders), numerous moths, skg. (Bot. 

 Centralbl., Cassel, xxix, 1887). C. Schroder (Rendsburg, 9 and 10 p.m.), numerous 

 Noctuids of the genera Agrotis, Mamestra, and Plusia, skg. 



391. Linnaea Gronov. 



Flowers white in colour, homogamous, provided with nectar-guides on their inner 

 surface ; with entirely concealed nectar, secreted by a thickened part of the receptacle 

 between the bases of the shorter filaments. 



1220. L. borealis L. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 393-4 ; Loew, 

 ' Blutenbiol. Floristik,' p. 249 ; Lindman, ' Bidrag till Kanned. om Skandin. Fjellvaxt. 

 Blomn. o. Befrukt.') — The nectar in this species is protected from rain by the position 

 of the flower, which hangs obliquely downwards. The hairs on the inner surface 

 of the corolla perhaps serve as a protection against the smaller creeping insects. 

 Cross-poUination is favoured by the fact that the freely secreting bilobed stigma 

 projects far beyond the anthers, which mature simultaneously. Hermann Muller 

 considers that automatic self-pollination is only possible in flowers that are unusually 

 pendulous. Perhaps, however, pollen which remains clinging to the hairs lining the 

 corolla may sometimes reach the stigma. 



