CAPRIFOLIA CEAE 



529 



In plants from Tegel, near Berlin, Loew (' Blutenbiol. Floristik.,' p. 250) observed 

 but a very small quantity of pollen, which viras probably functionless, for the flowers 

 never became fertilized. Loew suggests that a fungus parasitic in the anthers may 

 have been the cause of this. 



Kerner describes the flowers as funnel-shaped, 10-12 mm. long, and possessing 

 an odour of vanilla. He considers that they permit the access of tolerably short- 

 tongued insects. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller (Alps) observed 3 flies and a Lepidopterid ; and 



Fig. 173. Z,i«watfa 5or£a//j, Z-. (after Heni]. Miiller). A. Flower seen from the side, after removal 

 of the right half of calyx and corolla (x 7). B. Lower half of the corolla, with the epipetalous stamens 

 and the nectary, br^ bract ; ca, calyx ; co, corolla ; k, nectary ; ov^ ovary ; st, stigma. 



Loew (Brandenburg) noticed the Dolichopodid Neurigona quadrifasciata F., skg. (.?) 

 ('Beitrage,' p. 44). 



392. Lonicera L. 



Flowers belonging to classes H or L; homogamous, protogynous, or pro- 

 landrous; with concealed nectar, secreted by the receptacle or in a pouch of the 

 corolla. 



1221. L. Periclymenum. (Herm. Miiller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 295-7, 'Weil. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 75; Heinsius, Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iv, 1892; MacLeod, 

 op cit., V, 1893, pp. 390-1 ; Knuth, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' pp. 90, 156, 

 ' Weit. Beob. ii. Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' pp. 234-5, Bot. Centralbl., Cassel, 

 Ix, 1894, pp. 41-4; 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. Helgoland'; Warnstorf, Schr. natw. Ver., 

 Ver., Wernigerode, xi, 1896.) — The protandrous flowers of this species belong to 

 class Lm. Hermann MuUer describes them as homogamous, and gives the following 

 illustration (Fig. 174), which applies to both L. Periclymenum and L. Caprifolium, 

 except that in the latter the corolla-tube is 5-8 mm. longer. 



What is represented in the accompanying illustration (Fig. 174) can be always 

 observed in full daylight. I gave a similar description of the flowers of L. Periclymenum, 

 after investigating them at midday, and observing visits of the diurnal hawk-moth 

 Macroglossa stellatarum L. (' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' p. 80). 



At the end of July, 1894, 1 studied the flower mechanism of the species (adapted 

 to long-tongued nocturnal Sphingids) at Nieblum in the island of Fohr. This 

 DAVIS II M m 



