DIPSACEAE 567 



vittatusi^.; 3. Syrphus ribesii Z. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 4. Bombus agrorum 

 F. S, skg. ; 5. B. pratorum L. 5, do. C. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera : 6. Argynnis 

 latonia Z., skg. : 7. Colias rhamni Z., do. Wiistnei (Holstein), the bee Andrena cetii 

 Schr. Schmiedeknecht (Thuringia), 3 bees — i. Andrena cetii Schr. {=A. marginata 

 i^.) ; 2. Nomada brevicomis Mocs. ; 3. Psithyrus barbutella K. S. Schenck (Nassau), 

 the bee Andrena marginata F. Schletterer and von Dalla Torre (Tyrol) 4 bees — 



1. Bombus mesomelas Gerst. t; 2. B. sorofe'nsis F.t; 3. Podalirius parietinus F.; 

 4. Psithyrus campestris Pz. 5. Frey (Zurich), the Tineid Nemotois minimellus 

 Zett. MacLeod (Pyrenees), 11 Hymenoptera (including Andrena hattorfiana F.), 

 20 Lepidoptera, 4 beetles, and 13 Diptera (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, 

 PP- 347-440). 



1301. S. ochroleuca L. (as a species). — Schulz (' Beitrage,' II, p. 192) describes 

 this yellow-flowered variety of S. columbaria as gynomonoecious with protandrous 

 hermaphrodite flowers. Comes (' Ult. stud.') also speaks of the flowers as protandrous 

 and self-fertile. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Friese (Hungary) (on the authority of Mocsary), 3 bees — i. Dasypoda argentata 

 Pz., and the var. braccata Ev., not infreq. ; 2. Eucera poUinosa Lep., freq. ; 3. E. 

 scabiosae Mocs. : also (Thuringia) the bee Cilissa haemorrhoidalis F. Loew (Steier- 

 mark), 2 bees — 1. Andrena cetii ScAr. 5, po-cltg. ; 2. Halictus cylindricus F. 5, skg. : 

 also (Berhn Botanic Garden). — A. Diptera. Syrphidae: i. Eristalis intricarius Z. ; 



2. E. nemorum Z. ; 3. E. tenax Z. ; 4. Pipiza festiva Alg. ; 5. Syrphus balteatus Deg. ; 

 6. S. ribesii Z. ; 7. Volucella pellucens Z., skg. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae : 8. 

 Apis mellifica Z. g, skg. C. Lepidoptera. (a) Noctuidae: 2. Plusia gamma Z., skg. 

 ((^) Rhopalocera : 10. Pieris brassicae Z., skg. ; 1 1. P. rapae Z., do. 



1302. S. suaveolens Desf. — Schulz ('Beitrage,' I, pp. 67-8, II, p. 192) states 

 that this species is gynomonoecious, much more rarely gynodioecious, with markedly 

 protandrous hermaphrodite flowers. At first the strongly zygomorphous florets of the 

 two outer circlets come into bloom. Next come the innermost florets of the head, 

 and lastly those of the intermediate zone. Schulz asserts that the species is very 

 injuriously aff'ected by this way of flowering, for in many cases the stigmas of the 

 two outer circlets of florets fully develop before the anthers of the next circlet have 

 dehisced. And as the stigmas and anthers of the florets of two adjacent circlets are 

 very close together, pollination of the outer by the inner ones, sometimes by means 

 of insects, is easily possible. 



Warnslorf (Verb. bot. Ver., Berlin, xxxviii, 1896) states that plants growing on 

 sterile sandy ground under pine-trees near the Altruppin shooting-box, bear either 

 only protandrous hermaphrodite florets, or else some of the zygomorphous marginal 

 ones are female by degeneration of the anthers. This species is therefore gyno- 

 monoecious in the locality mentioned. The anthers are introrse, but during 

 dehiscence they turn through an angle of 90°, lying horizontally at the end of 

 the long filaments which project far out of the florets. The pollen consequently 

 faces upwards. The pollen-grains are white, tuberculated, spheroidal or ellipsoidal, 

 as much as 1 12 /a long and 88 /t broad. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



