583 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



hairs these branches are beset with stigmatic papillae internally, and on a longi- 

 tudinal outer fold ; they remain apposed at their tips. Insects visiting flowers in 

 the first stage therefore get their under-surfaces covered with pollen, and will carry 

 this to the stigmas of heads in the second stage. Automatic self-pollination is possible 

 should insect-visits fail, for some pollen always remains between the stylar branches. 



After fertilization the disk-florets assume a discoloured orange hue, and ulti- 

 mately become brown. Now and then heads devoid of a ray occur. MacLeod 

 says that these contain ten rather large disk-florets. 



Visitors.— I observed the following at Kiel ('Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' 

 p. 157; 'Weit. Beob. ii. Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' p. 235). — 



A. Diptera. (a) Muscidae: allskg. : i . Anthomyia sp. 5 ; 2. Aricia obscurata 

 Mg. ; 3. Dolichopus sp. 5 ; 4. D. sp. S ; 5. Lucilia caesar L. ; 6. L. sp. ; 7. Musca 

 corvina Fall.; 8. Platycephala planifrons F.; 9. PoUenia rudis F.\ 10. Scatophaga 

 litorea Fall.; 11. S. merdaria F.\ 12. S. stercoraria Z. ; 13. Siphona cristata 

 F.; 14. Very small sp. (U) Syrphidae: 15. Melithreptus taeniatus Mg. 5, skg. ; 

 16. Syrphus coroUae F.^, do. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 17. Apis mellifica, 

 L. ijl, skg. and po-cltg. ; 18. Bombus lapidarius L., do. 



Willis gives the following for the neighbourhood of the south coast of Scotland 

 ('FIs. and Insects in Gt. Britain,' Part i). — 



A. Coleoptera. NUiduUdae: i. Meligethes aeneus F., freq., skg. and po-dvg. 

 B. Diptera. (cC) Muscidae: 2. Anthomyia radicumZ., freq., skg. and po-dvg. ; 3. A. 

 sp., skg. ; 4. Hyetodesia incana W., skg. and po-dvg. ; 5. Lucilia cornicina F., skg. ; 

 6. Onesia sepulcralis Mg., do. ; 7. Scatophaga stercoraria Z,, freq., skg. ; 8. Tephritis 

 vespertina Loew, skg. (i) Syrphidae: 9. Eristalis aeneus Scop., freq., skg. ; 10. E. 

 horticola Deg., skg.; 11. E. tena.x Z., freq., skg.; 12. Platycheirus manicatus Mg., 

 skg. C. Hymenoptera. Apidae: allskg.: 13. Apis mellifica Z. ; 14. Bombus 

 agrorum Z. ; 15. B. lapidarius Z. ; 16. B. pratorum Z. ; 17. B. terresterZ. D. Lepi- 

 doptera. Rhopalocera: 18. Polyommatus phlaeas Z. 



The following were recorded by the authorities, and for the localities stated. — 



Leege (Juist), the Noctuid Hydroecia nictitans Bkh. MacLeod (Belgium), Apis 

 and some of the smaller bees. Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), 5 humble-bees, 6 hover- 

 flies, 1 2 Muscids, a Lepidopterid, and the beetle Meligethes (Scott-Elliot, ' Flora of 

 Dumfriesshire,' p. 90). 



1327. A. Amellus L. (Herm. Miiller, 'Fertilisation,' p. 322; Kirchner, 'Bei- 

 trage,' pp. 63-4 ; Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' p. 258.) — The vanilla-scented florets 

 of this species are aggregated into heads of about 35 mm. diameter. Kirchner states 

 that each of these contains twenty lilac-coloured female ray-florets, and twice as 

 many golden-yellow hermaphrodite disk-florets. The former possess a corolla-tube 



2 mm. long, with a tongue about 13 mm. in length; the two branches of the blue 

 style are divergent. The corolla-tube of the disk-florets is 2 1-3 mm. long, expanding 

 into a bell 3 mm. in length. The style grows out of the anther-cylinder for about 



3 mm. above the bell. Its branches are so curved that they turn their concave 

 stigmatic surfaces towards each other, and meet at the tip ; their outer sides subse- 

 quently become inore strongly convex so that the branches curve past each other. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller noticed a hover-fly (Eristalis arbustorum Z., po-dvg.) 

 in Thuringia. 



