COMPOSITAE 655 



Loew (Brandenburg), the bee Megachile lagopoda L. 5, po-cltg. ('Beitrage,' 

 P- 39); (Silesia) Parnopes grandior Pall., skg. (op. cit., p. 31). Schmiedeknecht 

 (Thuringia), 2 parasitic humble-bees — Psithyrus globosus Ev. i, and P. rupestris 

 F, S. Alfken (Bremen), 10 bees — i. Bombus arenicola Ths. S; 2. B. distinguendus 

 Mor. 5; 3. B. lapidarius Z, 5; 4. B. ruderatus F. 5, skg.; 5. B. terrester Z. S; 



6. Halictus calceatus Scop. 5; 7. Osmia solskyi Mor. 5; 8. Psithyrus barbutellus 

 K. ? and J; 9. P. campestris Pz. i; 10. P. rupestris F. J. Schiner (Austria), 

 3 Muscids — I. Oxyphora miliaria Schr. ; 2. Urophora solstitialis Z. ; 3. U. stylata F. 

 Schletterer (Pola ; and for the Tyrol =T.).—Hymenoptera. {a)Aptdae: i. Andrena 

 florea F., po-cltg.; 2. Bombus hypnorum Z. (T.); 3. B. mesomelas Gerst. (T.); 

 4. B. terrester Z. (T.) ; 5. Ceratina nigroaenea Gerst. ; 6. Halictus levigatus K. t ; 



7. H. morbillosus Krchh.; 8. H. quadricinctus F.; 9. H. scabiosae i?0Mz'; 10. Osmia 

 fulviventris Rossi; 1 1. Psithyrus rupestris F. (T.). (V) Scoliidae : 12. Scolia insubrica 

 Rossi. 



1545. C. medius Gouan. — According to MacLeod (' Pyreneenbl.,' pp. 352-4), 

 the diameter of the purple-red heads of this species is 30 mm. in the Pyrenees. The 

 corolla-tube is lo-ii mm. long, and the ventricose nectar-containing bell is 4-5^ mm. 

 deep. Insects with a proboscis 4-5 mm. in length are therefore able to suck the 

 nectar, while beetles, with short-tongued flies and Hymenoptera, may be found 

 devouring the pollen. 



Visitors. — MacLeod observed 14 Hymenoptera, 16 Lepidoptera, 6 beetles, 

 3 Syrphids, and 9 Muscids. 



1546. C. carlinoides Gouan. — MacLeod states that the purple heads of this 

 species are 25-30 mm. in diameter in the Pyrenees (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 

 1 891). The corolla-tube is 7-8 mm. long, and the bell 3-4 mm. deep. As in the 

 last species, most of the visitors are long-tongued insects. 



Visitors. — MacLeod observed 14 Hymenoptera, 2 Lepidoptera, a beetle, a 

 Muscid, and an Empid. 



1547. C. pycnocephalus L. — 



Visitors. — Schletterer observed the following at Pola. — 



Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae: i. Anthidium septemdentatum Z/r. ; 2. Andrena 

 lucens/raA. ; 3. Ceratina cucurbitinaiJoMj'; 4. Osmia fulviventris /"z. ; 5. O. spinolae 

 Schenck; 6. Prosopis hyalinata Sm., var. subquadrata F. (b) Chrysididae: 7. Holo- 

 pyga amoenula Dahlb. (c) Sphegidae : 8. Pemphredon unicolor F. ; 9. Tachytes 

 obsoleta Rossi. 



470. Onopordon L. 



Florets, hermaphrodite, tubular. Stylar branches non- divergent; rows of 

 stigmatic papillae on their outer margins; at their base a ring of moderately 

 short sweeping-hairs directed obliquely upwards. 



1548. O. acanthium L. (Herm. Muller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 344-5, 'Weit. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 81, ' Alpenblumen,' p. 417 ; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, 

 p. 252; Knuth, 'Blutenbiol. Herbstbeob.,' 'Bliitenbiol. biol. a. d. Ins. Riigen,' 

 ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen.') — ^The bright purple florets of this species, according 

 to Hermann Muller, possess a corolla-tube 10-12 mm. in length, and a bell 

 3-4 mm. deep, with 5 linear non-divergent lobes 6-8 mm. long. The nectar 

 ascends as far as the bell. In the first stage of anthesis the pollen which has 



