678 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



broad, but in dull weather it contracts to a diameter of 7 mm. As numerous 

 inflorescences are associated on a stem about a metre in height, the plant is very 

 conspicuous. The corolla-tube is 4-6 mm. and the ligule 8-12 mm. long. The 

 anther-cylinder projects 5 mm. beyond the corolla-tube, and the style 2^3^ mm. 

 further. The stylar branches are 2 mm. long. When they diverge they often touch 

 each other, thus effecting automatic self-pollination. 



Visitors. — Herm. MuUer (H. M.) in Westphalia and Buddeberg (Budd.) in 

 Nassau observed the following. — 



A. Diptera. {a) Empidae: i. Empis livida Z., very numerous, skg. (Budd.). 

 (3) Syrphidae: 2. Chrysogaster viduata L., skg. and po-dvg. (H. M.); 3. Eristalis 

 arbustorum Z., very common, do. (H. M.) ; 4. E. nemorum Z., do. (H. M.) ; 5. E. 

 sepulcralis Z., do. (H. M.); 6. E. tenax Z., do. (H. M.); 7. Melithreptus scriptus 

 Z., skg. and po-dvg. (H. M.) ; 8. M. t2.tnva.iasMg., do. (H. M.) ; 9. Syrphus balteatus 

 Deg., do. (H. M.). B. Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae: 10. Dasypoda hirtipes F. 

 5 and J, skg. and po-cltg. (Budd.) ; 11. Halictus albipes F. $, skg. (H. M.); 12. H. 

 cylindricus F. t>, skg. (H. M., Budd.); 13. H. leucozonius Schr. 5, skg. and po-cltg. 

 (H. M.) ; 14. H. longulus Sm. 5, do., $ skg. (H. M.) ; 15. H. maculatus Sm. 5, do. 

 (H. M., Budd.) ; 16. H. minutus K. $, do., t skg. (H.{M.) ; 17. H. nitidiusculus K. S, 

 skg. (H. M.) ; 18. H. quadricinctus F. i, do. (H. M.) ; 19. H. rubicundus Chr. S, do. 

 (H. M.); 20. H. sexnotatus K., 5 skg. and po-cltg., J skg. (H. M.); 21. H. 

 smeathmanellus K. §, do. (H. M.) ; 22. H. zonulus Sm. 5, do. (H. M.) ; 23. Heriades 

 truncorum Z. 5, po-cltg. (H. M.) ; 24. Osmia leucomelaena K. j, skg. (H. M., 

 Thuringia); 25. O. spinulosa K. 5, po-cltg. (H. M., Thuringia); 26. Panurgus 

 calcaratus Scop. 5 and S, freq., skg. and po-cltg. (H. M., Budd.); 27. Dufourea 

 vulgaris Schenck, 5 freq., t> scarce (H. M., Thuringia). (b) Spkegidae: 28. Crabro 

 sexcinctus F. 5 (H. M.). (c) Vespidae: 29. Vespa sylvestris Scop. 5, pushing its 

 head deep into the florets (H. M.). C. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera : 30. Pieris 

 brassicae Z., very common, skg. (H. M.) ; 31. P. rapae Z., do. (H. M.) ; 32. Epinephele 

 janira Z., skg. (H. M.). 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden), the butterfly Argynnis latonia Z., skg. the flowers. 

 Friese, 7 bees in Baden (B.), Alsace (A.), Mecklenburg (M.), and Hungary (H.) — 



1. Andrena bimaculata K. (H.), 2nd gen., not infreq. ; 2. Dasypoda plumipes Pz. (A.), 

 freq. ; 3. Dufourea vulgaris Schenck (B.), not infrequent (H.) ; 4. Eriades truncorum Z. 

 (M.), freq. (H.) ; 5. Osmia villosa .S'f^««ir/^, not infrequent (B.) ; 6. Panurgus banksianus 

 K. (B.); 7. P. calcaratus Scop. (B.). Schenck (Nassau), 11 bees — i. Dasypoda 

 plumipes /"z. ; 2. Dufourea vulgaris 3V^«f/(' ; 3. Eriades truncorum Z. ; 4. Halictus 

 albipes F.t>; 5. H. levigatus K.t,; 6. H. levis K.; 7. H. viliosulus K. (=H. punc- 

 tulatus K^ ; 8. Macropis labiata F. ; 9. Panurgus calcaratus Scop. ; 10. Stelis 

 breviuscula Nyl.; 11. S. omatula Klug., a 5. Schletterer (Tyrol), the bee Halictus 

 albipes F. H. de Vries (Netherlands), 5 bees (Ned. Kruidk. Arch., Nijmegen, 2. Ser., 



2. Deel, 1875) — I. Bombus agrorum F. t; 2. B. terrester Z. 5 J 3- Halictus 

 cylindricus F.t; 4. H. leucozonius Schr. $; 5. Osmia spinulosa K. 5. MacLeod 

 (Pyrenees), a humble-bee, 2 species of Panurgus, 2 beetles, and 3 flies (Bot. Jaarb. 

 Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 366). 



491. Helminthia Juss. 

 As Pieris. 



1617. H. echioides Gaertn. — According to Kirchner ('Beitrage,' pp. 71-2), the 

 golden-yellow heads of this species spread out in the sun to form a disk 20 mm. 



