688 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



1 1. H. rubicundus Chr. 5 ; 1 2. H. rufocinctus {Sich.) Nyl. ; 1 3. H. tetrazonius Klg. ?. 

 Schiner (Austria), the Muscid Tephritis conjuncta Loew. H. de Vries (Netherlands), 

 12 bees (Ned. Kruid. Arch., Nijmegen, 2. Ser., 2. Deel, 1875)—!. Andrena albicans 

 MtiU.%; 2. A. albicrus K.^; 3. A. fasciata Wesm. J; 4. A. nigroaenea K. §; 

 5. Apis mellifica Z. $; 6. Chelostoma florisomne L. $; 7. Halictus cylindricus 

 F.%; 8. H. leucozonius ^f,4r. $; 9. H. rubicundus C>ir. $; 10. H. seladonius F. $; 

 II. H. villosulus K. ^■, 12. Psithyrus vestalis Fourcr. 5. MacLeod (Pyrenees), 

 9 Hymenoptera, 4 Lepidoptera, a beetle, and 10 flies (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, 

 iii, 1891, pp. 366-7): (Flanders), Apis, 4 humble-bees, 19 short-tongued bees, 

 a Siricid, 3 hover-flies, 2 Empids, 8 Muscids, 2 Lepidoptera, and 2 beedes (op. cit., 

 V, 1893, p. 432-3). Schneider (Arctic Norway) (Troms0 Mus. Aarsh., 1894), 

 8 bees — i. Bombus alpinus Z. ^ ; 2. B. hypnorum Z. 5; 3. B. lapponicus Z. 

 5 and S ; 4. B. pratorum Z. 5 and 5 ; 5. B. scrimshiranus K. J and S ; 6. B. terrester 

 Z. 5 and S; 7. Psithyrus quadricolor Lep. S; 8. P. vestahs Fourcr. t. Warming 

 (Greenland), the butterfly Colias boothi H.-Sch. ( = C. hecla Lef). Lindman 

 (Dovrefjeld), numerous flies, several Lepidoptera, and a humble-bee. Scott-Elliot 

 (Dumfriesshire), 4 short-tongued bees, an Empid, and 3 Muscids ('Flora of Dum- 

 friesshire,' p. 104). Smith (England), 4 bees — i. Andrena albicans Mull. ; 2. A. 

 angustior K. ; 3. A. nitida Fourcr. ; 4. A. nigroaenea K. Saunders (England), 

 3 bees — I. Andrena extricata Sm. ; 2. A. humilis Imh. ; 3. A. labialis K. 



1631. T. croceum Dahlstedt. — This is a sub-species of T. ofiicinale defined by 

 the author, and includes all the plants collected by Andersson and Hesselman in 

 Spitzbergen ('Bidrag till Kanned. om Spetsbergens o. Beeren Eil. Karlvaxtflora '). It 

 also occurs in Iceland, and alpine Norway and Sweden. The heads attain a diameter 

 of 26 mm. and close in bright sunshine between 5 and 6 p.m. The florets are 

 orange-yellow in colour. With one exception the specimens collected in Spitzbergen 

 were markedly female, so that the species is apparently apogamous. 



1632. T. salintun Poll. — 



Visitors. — Loew observed 2 hover-flies (Eristalis nemorum Z., and Syrphus 

 ribesii Z.) and a bee (Halictus zonulus Sm. i, skg.) in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



1633. T. phymatocarpum J. Vahl. — Ekstam states that in this species the 

 diameter of the head is 35 mm. in Nova Zemlia. The florets are white and bright 

 violet in colour, and faintly odorous. Autogamy or geitonogamy may be effected by 

 spiral movements of the stylar branches. According to Ekstam (' Blufenbiol. Beob. 

 a. Spitzbergen,' pp. 6-7), the capitula are white or bright violet in Spitzbergen, with 

 a scarcely perceptible odour. At the beginning of July they are already partly over, 

 and set fully mature fruits during the same month. Andersson and Hesselman 

 ('Bidrag till Kanned. om Spetsbergens o. Beeren Eil. Karlvaxtflora,' p. 15) found 

 reduced anthers devoid of pollen in all the specimens they examined, so that the 

 species is apparently apogamous. Cf. Raunkjaer's experiments, p. 683. 



Visitors. — A small spider and a medium-sized fly were observed in Nova 

 Zemlia. 



498. Chondrilla L. 



Florets yellow. The stylar branches roll back into a semicircle. Kerner says 

 that geitonogamy is brought about in the same way as in Taraxacum. 



1634. C. juncea L. — Kirchner says (' Beitrage,' p. 72) that each head in this 

 species includes only 7-12 (usually 11) golden-yellow florets, and expands to 



