EPEITRA, 235 
apertures. These communicate with the spinning glands 
lying in the abdomen, a complex series of glands which pro- 
duce threads of various kinds, according to the requirements 
of the spider. Further forward on the ventral line of the 
abdomen opens the genital aperture and on either side of 
it the single pair of stigmata leading into the pulmonary 
sacs. Lastly, just in front of the spinnerets there is a small 
median aperture leading into four ¢rachee. 
The integument of the spider consists of a thin cuticle 
over the abdomen, thickened in the cephalothorax. The 
Thiceuisisataey, whole surface is more or less covered with 
’ fine hairs which extend down to the tips of 
the legs. The dorsal anterior surface of the cephalothorax 
Fig. 156.—LONGITUDINAL SAGITTAL SECTION THROUGH EPEIRA 
DiaDEMATA (2). (Semi-diagrammatic, after LEUCKART.) 
Heart. Digestive 
Gland. 
Dorsal 
Blood-vessel. 
Lecce Eye. Mapighian 
Tubules. 
Cloaca, 
Cloacal 
Aperture. 
on od 
3g oes ae 
Mouth. is zg B = b Spinning Glands. 
Czcum of Stomach. a S aad | Ovary. 
7) Ss Genital Aperture. 
is smooth and bears six eyes which are of the simple 
type. Four are arranged in a small square and the other 
two laterally. 
The mouth leads up a small tubular pZarynx and a short 
esophagus into the large “sucking” stomach. The walls of 
this organ can be drawn outwards by strong 
muscles, causing powerful suction. The true 
stomach is small and expands into long ceca which end 
blindly towards the bases of the legs. The intestine 
is narrow and leads through the “waist” into the 
abdomen. Here it swells into a sac, receiving the 
Alimentary. 
