TYPE TRAOHEATA. 527 



8. Order Ehynchota. — Abdomen without cerci ; basal portion of 



anterior wings chitinous, posterior wings and tips of anterior 

 membranous, or else both membranous, the anterior the larger, 

 or both wanting ; mouth-parts piercing and sucking ; metamor- 

 phosis incomplete. 



Anterior wings chitinous at base {Hemiptera). Anasa, Notonecta, 

 Belostoma, jRanatra, Rydroineti'a, Halohates, Cimex, Pediculus 

 (wings wanting in the last two). 



Anterior wings both membranous {Romoptera). Cicada, Aspidi- 

 otus, Dactylopius, Pemphigtts, Aphis (wings may be wanting 

 in the last three). 



9. Order Coleoptera. — Abdomen without cerci ; anterior wings chi- 



tinous, covering in the posterior when at rest ; mouth-parts 

 biting ; metamorphosis complete. 



(a) Tarsi of four joints, one of them very small {Cryptote- 



tramera). Coccinella. 

 (6) Tarsi of five joints, one of which is very small (Cri/ptopen- 

 tamera). Curculionidse, Clytus, Saperda, Monohammus, 

 Doryphora. 



(c) Tarsi of posterior legs four-jointed, of two anterior pairs 



five-jointed (Heteromera). Meloe, Lytta. 



(d) Tarsi all five-jointed and all the joints of equal size 



{Pentamera). Lampyris, Elateridse, Melolontha, Nearo- 

 phorus, Staphylinidae, Hydrophilus, &yrinus, Bra- 

 chimes, Harpalus, Carabus, Calosoma, Cicindela. 



10. Order Neuroptera. — Abdomen without cerci ; wings membranous, 



richly veined with numerous cross-veins ; mouth-parts biting ; 

 metamorphosis complete. Corydalis, Chrysopa, Myrmeleon. 



11. Order Panorpata. — Abdomen sometimes with cerci ; wings mem- 



branous with few cross-veins ; mouth-parts biting, at end of 

 cylindrical rostrum ; metamorphosis complete. Panorpa. 

 13. Order Trichoptera.—AMomeiTi without cerci ; wings covered with 

 hairs or scales, posterior ones larger and folded faulike when 

 at rest ,; mouth-parts sucking ; metamorphosis complete. Pkry- 

 ganea, Anabolia. 



13. Order Lepidoptera. — Abdomen without cerci ; wings covered with 



scales, not folded when at rest, though they may overlap; mouth- 

 parts usually sucking ; metamorphosis complete. 



Small forms (Microlepidoptera). Tinea, Carpocapsa, Pyralidse. 



Larger forms (Macrolepidoptera). Geometridee, Clisiocampa, 

 Orgyia, Telea. Pieris, Vanessa, Papilio.' 



14. Order Hymenoptera. — Abdomen without cerci ; wings membra- 



nous, without scales, not folded ; mouth-parts biting and lap- 

 ping ; metamorphosis complete. 

 Ovipositor retractile with poison-gland {Aouleatd). Apis, Bom- 

 bus, Vespa, Camponotus, Formica. 



