XXU LIST OF ILLtrSTEATIONS 



42. Spore-bearing yeast cells. . . . , 61 



43. Sacchnromyces cerevisia showing vacuoles and metachromatic cor- 



puscles stained ,62 



44. Saccharomyces cerevisia showing cells with nuclei, nuclear division and 



glycogenic vacuoles with grains 62 



45. Saccharomyces cerevisicB showing cells stained by a special method re- 



vealing a chondrium consisting of granular- and rod-mitochondria . 62 



46. Saccharomyces cerevisicB with both nucleus and metachromatic 



granules 63 



47. Saccharomyces elUpsoideus cells with nucleus ... .64 



48. Copn^tion anAs^OTXiXaXioxi. in Schizosaccharomyces octosporus. . . 66 



49. Various stages of nuclear division during sporulation in Schizosac- 



charomyces octosporus 66 



50. Cellular fusion in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. . . 67 



51.^ Heterogamous copulation in Zygosaccharomyces chevalieri. 68 



52.' Sporulation in Saccharomyces ludwigii 69 



53. Germination of ascospores in Saccharomyces ludwigii . . -70 



54. Wine and beer yeasts . . . . .' -72 



55. Wild and pseudo-yeasts ... ■ • 75 



56. Types of micrococci. . .... -77 



57. Types of bacilli. . . ... . . 77 



58. Types of spirilla . . 78 



59. Involution forms . . -78 



60. The division of bacterial cells . . . . 81 



61. The formation of spores ... -83 



62. Location of spores in bacterial cells . . . 83 



63. Spore germination , . . . 84 



64. Division forms of micrococci ... 85 



65. Division forms of bacilli . . . . . 86 



66. Threads of Bact. anthracis ... . . 86 



67. Plasmolytic changes. ... .... 87 



, 68. Karyokinetic appearances in Bact. gammari . . 89 



69. B. megatherium in process of division 90 



70. Diffuse nucleus in Chromatium okenii and Beggiatoa alba . . . 91 



71. B. butschUiia division. . • • • • 93 



72. B. sporonema in spore formation with vestiges of ancestral sexuality 94 



73. B. fadicojMi with nuclear appearances . . 94 



74. B. flexilis in division of cell and formation of spores 96 



75. Retrogression of original nucleus and formation of diffuse nucleus in 



various bacteria 06 



76. Differentiation of metachromatic corpuscles in various bacteria by 



means of stains og 



77. Structure of bacterial membrane in section. . . loi 



78. Capsules (Bact. pneumonia) . . 102 



79. Distribution of nuclear substance and various flagella I03 



80. Monotrichous bacteria (Msp. comma) [ \ 103 



81. Monotrichous bacteria (Ps. pyocyanea) ! ! ! ! 103 



82. Lophotrichous bacteria (Ps. syncyanea) ... 103 



83. Lophotrichous bacteria (Sp. rubrum) ! . ! 103 



84. Peritrichous bacteria (B. typhosus) .... \ 103 



85. Crenothrix polyspora. . . . . '. 107 



86. Chlamydothrix hyalina . ! no 



87. Cladothrix dichotoma . ... "112 



88. Beggiatoa alba ! ! ! . 112 



89. Pasteur-Chamberland or Berkef eld filtering apparatus ! 117 



