S86 MICROBIOL9GY OF SPECIAL INDUSTRIES 



The growth is then removed from the surface of the agar, placed in 

 sterile, physiologic salt solution and the organisms killed by heating on 

 a water bath at a temperature of 60° for one-half hour. The emulsion 

 is then roughly standardized by adding sufficient sterile, physiologic 

 salt solution to impart to the fluid the required degree of cloudiness, 

 when compared with control emulsions. To the suspension* of dead , 

 t)T)hoid organisms or "test fluid" a preservative, usually formahn, 

 is added and the product is distributed in properly labeled bottles. In 

 conducting the test, the suspected tj^hoid serum is placed in small 

 tubes, each containing i c.c. of the suspension fluid, in such propor- 

 tions that the serum is diluted 1:50, 1:100, and 1:200. A flocculent 

 .precipitate of the dead organisms indicates a positive reaction. 



Suspension fluid for the glanders agglutination test is prepared in 

 practically the same manner as the typhoid test fluid. The glanders 

 organisms are grown on acid agar and the suspension fluid is usually 

 preserved by the addition of carbolic acid. In conducting the glanders 

 agglutination test, the suspected serum is usually placed in the follow- 

 ing dilutions: 1:200, 1:500, 1:800, 1:1200, and 1:1,800. 



The agglutination reaction has been applied experimentally and 

 practically, with more or less success, in the diagnosis of Malta feyer, 

 Asiatip cholera, bubonic plague, pneumonia, tuberculosis, contagious 

 abortion (bovine) and other infectious diseases. 



Substances Used for Diagnostic Tests 



LuETiN. — Noguchi* has developed a preparation known as' licetin 

 which is used in the diagnosis of syphilis. The material is prepared 

 from a number of strains of Spirochata pallida grown, liinder anaerobic 

 conditions, on special ascites agar and bouillon media. After abundant 

 growth of the spirochetes occurs, the agar cultures are ground and mixed 

 into a paste. To this material fluid cultures are added in suiBScient 

 proportion to form a Uquid emulsion. The organisms are then killed 

 by heating at 60° for one hour and a preservative is added. 



In appl3dng this diagnostic material to a suspected sj^hilitic case 

 0.05 c.c. is very carefully injected into, not beneath, the skin. An area 

 on the antero-internal surface of the upper airm is usually chosen as the 

 site of injection. A positive diagnosis of s^^hilis is indicated if, after 



* Noguchi, Jour. Exp. Med., xiv. Vol. 16. 



