42 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS. 



ties: 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 



3. OOMPABISONS OF THE StAECHES OF HlPPBASTEUM 

 OSSULTAN^ H. PYEBHA, AND H. OSSULTAN-PYERHA. 



In the histologic characteristics and polariscopic fig- 

 ures, reactions with selenite, qualitative reactions with 

 iodine, and qualitative reactions with the various chemical 

 reagents the three starches are closely alike. The starch 

 of H. pyrrha in comparison with that of the seed parent 

 has fewer compound grains and aggregates, more single 

 grains with one or more pressure facets, and more 

 irregularities of the grains; the hilum is more fre- 

 quently and more extensively fissured and is more eccen- 

 tric; the lamellae are distinct in a larger number of 

 grains, but as a rule less in number; the size as a rule 

 is less, but the proportions of length to breadth are the 

 same; and the polariscopic figures, reactions with sele- 

 nite, and the qualitative reactions with iodine show minor 

 differences which in the aggregate are of account in 

 differentiation of the starches. The starch of the hybrid 

 closely resembles those of the parents. It is closer to 

 that of the seed parent in size of the grains and number 

 of the lamellae, but closer to the pollen parent in the 

 form of the grains, fissuration and eccentricity of the 

 hilum, and character of the lamellae. In the qualitative 

 polarization and iodine reactions it is closer to the seed 

 parent. In the qualitative reactions with chloral hydrate, 

 potassium iodide, and potassium sulphocyanate it is more 

 like that of the seed parent, while in the nitric-acid and 

 sodium-salicylate reactions more like that of the other 

 parent. 



Reaction-intensities Expressed hy Light, Color, and Tempera- 



twe Reactions. 

 Polarization: 



H. ossultan, high to very high, value 83. 



H. pyrrha, high to very high, higher than in H. ossultan, value 85. 

 H. ossult.-pyrh, high to very high, higher than in either parent, 

 value 87. 

 Iodine: 



H. ossultan, moderately light to moderate, value 45. 

 H. pjnrrha, moderate to moderately deep, deeper than in H. ossul- 

 tan, value 66. 

 H. ossult.-pyrh., moderately light to moderately deep, and inter- 

 mediate between the parents, value 50. 

 Gentian violet: 

 H. ossultan, moderate, value 50. 

 H. pyrrha, moderately light to moderately deep, lighter than in 



H. ossultan, value 48. 

 H. ossult.-pyrh., moderate to moderately deep, deeper than in 

 either parent, value 53. 

 Safranin: 



H. ossultan, moderate to moderately deep, value 56. 

 E. pyrrha, moderate, lighter than im H. ossultan, value 50. 

 H. ossult.-pyrh., moderate to moderately deep, deeper than in 

 either parent, value 58. 

 Temperature of gelatinization: 



H. ossultan, in majority at 73 to 74°, in all except rare grains at 



75 to 76°, mean 75.5°. 

 H. pjfrrha, in majority at 71 to 73°, in all except rare grains at 



73 to 74°, mean 73.5°. 

 H. ossult.-pyrh., in majority at 70 to 72°, in all but rare grains at 

 72 to 73°, mean 72.5°. 



The reactivities of H. ossultan are lower than those 

 of the other parent in the polarization, iodine, and 

 temperature reactions and higher in those of gentian 

 violet and safranin. The reactivities of the hybrid are 

 higher than those of either parent in the polarization, 

 gentian-violet, safranin and temperature reactions, and 



Table A 3. 



Chloral hydrate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Chromic acid: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Pyrogallic acid : 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Nitric acid: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Sulphuric acid: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Hydrochloric acid: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Potassium hydrojdde: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pjo'h 



Potassium iodide: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Potassium sulphocyanate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Potassium sulphide: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Sodium hydroxide: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Sodium sulphide: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Sodium salicylate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Calcium nitrate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Uranium nitrate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Strontium nitrate: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Cobalt nitrate; 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Copper nitrate : 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Cupric chloride: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



Barium chloride: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pjfrh 



Mercuric chloride: 



H. ossultan 



H. pyrrha 



H. ossult.-pyrh 



a 



7 

 3 

 4 



1 

 1 

 1 



10 



5 



20 



4 

 2 

 2 



45 

 70 

 40 



5 

 5 

 6 



14 



8 



20 



4 



0.5 



3 



4 

 2 

 3 



0.5 



1 



0.5 



10 

 2 

 3 



2 

 1 

 2 



45 

 32 

 22 



1 



1 



0.5 



2 

 0.5 

 0.5 



2 

 1 

 2 



0.5 

 0.5 

 0.5 



0.5 

 0.5 

 0.5 



27 

 19 

 ^6 



25 

 20 

 45 



67 

 80 

 85 



17 

 6 



ig 



95 

 96 

 96 



40 

 41 

 50 



50 

 51 

 54 



11 



6 



10 



10 



6 



10 



1 



2 

 0.5 



31 



8 

 27 



3 

 3 

 4 



95 

 90 

 86 



3 

 2 

 1 



5 

 1 

 1 



7 

 2 



0.5 

 0.6 

 0.5 



0.5 

 0.5 



37 

 28 

 36 



99 

 99 

 99 



80 

 89 

 93 



30 

 16 

 40 



99 

 99 

 99 



62 

 70 

 82 



62 

 72 

 74 



19 



7 



20 



34 

 25 

 48 



3 

 3 

 3 



39 

 29 

 35 



5 

 6 

 6 



99 

 99 

 98 



5 

 3 



2 



6 

 4 

 4 



10 

 6 

 4 



90 

 92 

 96 



43 

 33 

 65 



45 

 42 

 43 



95 

 96 

 98 



56 

 50 

 67 



86 

 88 

 91 



73 

 76 

 78 



23 

 17 

 33 



64 

 61 

 70 



4 

 3 

 3 



48 

 43 

 46 



9 

 6 



8 



99 



6 

 3 

 2 



I 

 9 10 

 4 



11 

 8 

 6 



3 



2 



12 

 12 

 11 



3 

 2 

 2 



4 5 

 0.6 

 2 



4 



0.5 



0.5 



0.6 



4 

 2 

 1 



3 

 0.6 

 0.5 



2 



0.5 



1 



