88 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS. 



The polariscopic figure is better defined and there are 

 some differences in the lines. With selenite the quad- 

 rants are more often clean-cut and more regular in shape, 

 the colors more often pure, and there are more grains 

 having a greenish tinge. In the qualitative iodine reac- 

 tions the capsules are more reddish than those of N. 

 leedsii minnie hume. In the reactions with the chemical 

 reagents there are various differences of a minor charac- 

 ter which collectively differentiate each starch. The 

 starch of the hybrid contains fewer compound grains and 

 aggregates than either parent, and the relationship is, 

 on the whole, closer to N. leedsii minnie hume than to 

 the other parent. In the character of the hilum and 

 character of the lamellae the relationship is closer to 

 N. leedsii minnie hume, while in size to N. triandrus 

 albus. In the polariscopic figure and appearances with 

 selenite the resemblances are cloeer to N. leedsii minnie 

 hume J and the same is true of the qualitative iodine 

 reactions. In the qualitative reactions with the chemical 

 reagents the influences of both parents are manifest, 

 and there are also individualities of a minor character 

 of the hybrid. In all of these reactions the characters 

 are, as a whole, more closely associated with those of 

 N. leedsii minnie hume. 



Reaction-intensities Expressed by Light, Color, and Tempera- 

 ture Reactions. 

 Polarization: 



N. leedsii min. hume, low to very high, value 45. 



N. triandrus albus, low to high, higher than in N. leedsii minnie 



hume, value 50. 

 N. agnes harvey, low to high, the same as in N. leedsii minnie 

 hume, value 45. 

 Iodine: 



N. leedsii min. hume, moderate deep, value 60. 



N. triandrus albus, deep, deeper than in N. leedsii minnie hume, 



value 65. 

 N. agnes harvey, deep, the same as in N. leedsii minnie hume, 

 value 60. 

 Gentian violet: 



N. leedsii min. hume, light to moderate, value 38. 



N. triandrus albus, light to moderate, lighter than in N. leedsii 



minnie hume, value 35. 

 N. agnes harvey, light to moderate, the same as in N. leedsii 

 minnie hume, value 38. 

 Safranin: 



N. leedsii min. hume, light to moderate, value 40. 



N. triandrus albus, light to moderate, the same as in N. leedsii 



minnie hume; value 40. 

 N. agnes harvey, light to moderate, the same as in the parents, 

 value 40. 

 Temperature: 



N. leedsii min. hume, in majority at 70 to 71.2°, in all at 74.5 to 76°, 



mean 75.25°. 

 N. triandrus albus, in majority at 70 to 71°, in all at 73 to 75°, 



mean 74°. 

 N. agues harvey, in majority at 70 to 71.8°, in all at 73.8 to 75°, 

 mean 74.4°. 



The reactivity of N. leedsii minnie hume is lower 

 than that of the other parent in the polarization, iodine, 

 and temperature reactions; the same or practically the 

 same in the safranin reaction ; and higher in the gentian- 

 violet reaction. The reactivity of the hybrid is the same 

 or practically the same as that of N. leedsii minnie hume 

 in the polarization, iodine, and gentian-violet reactions; 

 the same or practically the same as those of both parents 

 in the safranin reaction; and intermediate in the tem- 

 perature reaction, but closer to N. triandrus alhus. All 

 three starches are in these reactions either the same or 

 practically the same or very nearly alike. 



Table A 23 shows the reaction-intensities in percent- 

 ages of total starch gelatinized at definite intervals 

 (minutes) : 



Table A 23. 



Velooity-beaction Curves. 



This section deals with the velocity-reaction curves 

 of the starches of Narcissus leedsii minnie hume, N. 

 triandrus albus, and N. agnes harvey, showing the quan- 

 titative differences in the behavior toward different reag- 

 ents at definite time-intervals. (Charts D 335 to D 340.) 



The most conspicuous features of these charts are : 



(1) The close correspondence of all three starches 

 in all of the reactions (with the exception of the sul- 

 phuric-acid reaction, which is too rapid for differentia- 

 tion), and the tendency (with this exception) to a 

 moderate, low, or very low reactivity. 



(3) The varying relations of the parental curves to 

 each other and to the curve of the hybrid in the different 

 reactions (excepting the very rapid sulphuric-acid reac- 

 tion) and during their progress. 



(3) The curve of N. leedsii minnie 'hume is lower 

 than that of the other parent in the reactions with 

 chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, and nitric acid ; and higher 

 with chloral hydrate. 



(4) The hybrid curve is the lowest of the three in 

 the chromic-acdd reaction ; intermediate in the reactions 

 with chloral hydrate and pyrogallic acid, but in the 

 latter practically identical with that of N. triandrus 

 albus; and highest with nitric acid. 



(5) A tendency to a period of early resistance fol- 

 lowed by a comparatively rapid reactivity is seen in 

 all three starches in the chromic-acid and pyrogallic- 

 acid reactions. 



(6) The earliest period at which the three curves 

 are best separated for differential purposes is in the sul- 

 phuric-acid reaction at the very beginning of the reac- 

 tion ; in the reactions with chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, 

 and nitric acid at 30 to 45 minutes, and with chromic 

 acid at 60 minutes. 



Reaction-intensities of the Hybrid. 



. This section treats of the reaction-intensities of the 

 hybrid as regards sameness, intermediateness, excess, and 



