BEGONIA. 



121 



rose; and they are more numerous. The size is larger 

 than in B. double light rose. In the polariscopic, sele- 

 nite, and iodine reactions there are various differences 

 which seem to be of a minor character, and the same is 

 true of the reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic acid, 

 pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, and strontium nitrate. The 

 starch of the hybrid is closer to that of B. double light 

 rose in the form of the grains, character of the hilum, 

 character of the lamellae, and size of the smaller grains, 

 but nearer to B. socotrana in the eccentricity of the 

 hilum and size of the larger grains. It is closer to B. 

 double light rose in the appearance with selenite, but 

 nearer the other parent in the polariscopic figures. It is 

 closer to the first parent in the iodine reactions. In the 

 qualitative reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic acid, 

 pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, and strontium nitrate, while 

 closer to B. double light rose, the influences of B. soco- 

 trana are quite manifest in each. 



Reaction-mtensities Eaupressed hy Light, Color, and Tempera- 

 ture Reactions. 

 Polarization : 



B. doub. light rose, moderately high to high, value 70. 



B. socotrana, moderate to moderately high, less than in B. double 



light rose, value 60. 

 B. ensign, moderate to high, intermediate between parents, value 67. 

 Iodine: 



B. doub. light rose, moderate, value 45. 



B. socotrana, light to moderate, less than in B. double light rose, 



value 30. 

 B. ensign, light to moderate, intermediate between the parents, 

 value 40. 

 Gentian violet: 



B. doub. light rose, light to moderate, value 40. 



B. socotrana, light to moderate, less than in B. double light rose, 



value 35. 

 B. ensign, light to moderate, less than in either parent, value 30. 

 Safranin: 



B. doub. light rose, moderate to deep, value 60. 

 B. socotrana, moderate, less than in B. double light rose, value 55. 

 B. ensign, moderate to deep, less than in either parent, value 50. 

 Temperature : 



B. doub. light rose, in the majority at 60 to 61°, in all at 62 to 64°, 



mean 63°. 

 B. socotrana, in the majority at 79 to 80°, in all at 81 to 81.8°, 



mean 81.4°. 

 B. ensign, in the majority at 64 to 65.5°, in all at 66 to 68°, mean 67°- 



The reactivity of B. double light rose is higher than 

 that of the other parent in all five reactions. The reac- 

 tivity of the hybrid is intermediate between those of the 

 parents in the polarization, iodine, and temperature reac- 

 tions, and is the lowest of the three with gentian violet 

 and safranin. The hybrid is closer to B. double light rose 

 than to B. socotrana in the polarization, iodine, and tem- 

 perature reactions, and the reverse in those with gentian 

 violet and safranin. 



Table A 37 shows the reaction-intensities in percent- 

 ages of total starch gelatinized at definite intervals (sec- 

 onds and minutes) . 



Velocity-eeaction Curves. 



This section treats of the velocity-reaction curves of 

 the starches of Begonia double light rose, B. socotrana, 

 and B. ensign, showing quantitative differences in the 

 behavior toward different reagents at definite time-inter- 

 vals. (Charts D 527 to D 532.) 



The most conspicuous features of these five charts are : 



The marked diversity of the relations of the three 



curves, all three running close in the choral-hydrate 



reactions, two being close and the other well separated in 

 those with nitric acid and strontium nitrate, two being 

 somewhat close and the other well separated in that with 

 chromic acid, and all three being well separated in that 

 with pyrogallic acid. The tendency in all for the hybrid 

 and B. double light rose curves to be closely related, 

 and to be higher — usually much higher — ^than the curves 

 of B. socotrana. The tendency in all of the reactions 

 to intermediateness, highest or lowest reactivity, with an 

 inclination in 8 out of 10 reactions toward the reactivity 

 of the seed parent. The short period of very high resis- 

 tance of B. socotrana in the chromic-acid reaction. 



Eeaction-intensities of the Hybrid. 



This section treats of the reactiom-iutensities of the 

 hybrid as regards sameness, intermediateness, excess, 

 and deficit in relation to the parents. (Table A 37 and 

 Charts D 527 to D 532.) 



The reactivities of the hybrid are not the same as those 

 of either or both parents in a single reaction; interme- 

 diate in the reactions with polarization, iodine, tempera- 

 ture, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, and stron- 

 tium nitrate, in all being closer to those of the seed 

 parent; highest in that with chloral hydrate, being 

 closer to that of the seed parent; and the lowest in those 

 with gentian violet and safranin, in both being closer to 

 the pollen parent. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties : Same as seed parent, ; same as pollen parent, ; 

 same as both parents, 0; intermediate, 7; highest, 1; 

 lowest, 2. 



The following features of the hybrid are particularly 

 conspicuous: The absence of any reaction that is the 

 same as either or both parents; the marked tendency 

 to intermediateness; the occasional tendency to the 

 highest or lowest reactivity; and the markedly stronger 

 influence of the seed parent on the properties of the 

 starch. 



Composite Curves of Eeaction-intensities. 

 This section treats of the composite curves of the 

 reaction-intensities, showing the differentiation of the 



