Appendix. 



EUROPEAN METHODS OF ATTRACTING BIRDS. 



About the time that this volume was written there was pub- 

 lished in Germany a treatise by Martin Heisemann relating to 

 the results of experiments made by Baron von Berlepsch at See- 

 bach, Thuringia. The Baron had been experimenting for many 

 years to determine the best methods of protecting and increasing 

 European birds, and had secured wonderful results. He had made 

 and put up on his estate a large number of resting boxes, nearly all 

 of which were occupied by birds. He had perfected feeding ap- 

 pliances of various kinds, and had adopted a system of planting 

 trees and shrubs for bird shelters. Trees were pruned in such a 

 way that the subsequent growth furnished excellent nesting places, 

 and large numbers of birds nested in his "shelter woods;" but at 

 the time when the first edition of "Useful Birds" was written none 

 of these methods had been tried in this country. Extensive ex- 

 periments should be made with them here. In 1908 the first Eng- 

 lish edition of Heisemann's book was published, giving the results 

 achieved by von Berlepsch.^ It was distributed in the United States 

 by the National Association of Audubon Societies, and Americans 

 soon began to experiment with some of the von Berlepsch appli- 

 ances and methods. 



In 1911 a second English edition was issued, which consisted 

 of a translation of the third German edition revised, and embellished 

 with a number of new illustrations. Since then the appliances 

 there illustrated have been used successfully in this country, and 

 it is safe to recommend a more extensive trial of them here. 



THE VON BERLEPSCH NESTING BOXES. 



Woodpeckers carve out holes in trees for their nesting places, 

 which are utilized by other birds when the Woodpeckers are done 

 with them. 



Baron von Berlepsch concluded that if he could construct some 

 nesting boxes in imitation of Woodpeckers' homes they would 



■ How to Attract and Protect Wild Birds, by Martin Heisemann. Translated by Emma S. 

 Buchlieim, 1908. 



