APPLES. 29 



is better adapted for being cultivated as a dwarf than an espalier ; but 

 it does not succeed well on the paradise stock. 



According to the French pomologists, this variety seems to have some connec- 

 tion with this country, but there is no evidence that it was at any period grown to 

 any extent in England, or that it was ever known to any of our early pomologists. 

 It is said by sofne that the name malingre is applied to this variety from the fruit 

 becoming mealy or unsound, but from the observation in the Chatreux Catalogue, 

 " est bonne cuite pour les malades," it is more probable that it is so called from 

 being useful to invalids. 



CALVILLE KOUGE D'AUTOMNE {Autumn Calville ; Autumn 

 Red Calville). — Fruit, large, three inches and a half wide, and three 

 and a quarter high ; not so much flattened as the other Calvilles. Skin, 

 pale red, with a trace of yellow, on the shaded side, but of a beautiful 

 deep crimson next the sun, and marked with yellowish dots on the 

 shaded side. Eye, half open, set in a rather shallow and ribbed basin, 

 which is lined with fine down. Stalk, rather short, inserted in a wide 

 and deep cavity, which is lined with russet. Flesh, white, tinged with 

 red under the skin, and very much so on the side which is exposed to 

 the sun ; it is tender, delicate, and juicy, with a pleasant, vinous, and 

 violet scented flavour. 



A culinary apple of inferior quality in this country, but highly 

 esteemed on the Continent, both as a culinary agd a dessert fruit. It 

 is in season during October and November. 



The tree is a strong and vigorous grower, and attains the largest 

 size. It is also an abundant bearer. To have the fruit in perfection 

 it ought to be grown on the paradise stock as an open dwarf, in a fine 

 sandy loam, and not too closely pruned. 



CALVILLE EOUGE D'ETE {Red Calville).— Fm.it, medium sized, 

 two inches and a half wide, and about the same high ; roundish, nar- 

 rovping towards the apex, and with prominent ribs on the sides like the 

 other Calvilles. Skin, yellowish white, streaked and veined with red 

 on the shaded side, but covered with beautiful deep shining crimson 

 on the side next the sun, and strewed with numerous white dots. Eye, 

 small and prominent, set in a narrow and wrinkled basin. Stalk, from 

 an inch to an inch and a half long, inserted in a deep and narrow cavity, 

 which is lined with thin russet. Flesh, white tinged with red, crisp, 

 and tender, agreeably and pleasantly flavoured. 



A culinary apple of second-rate quahty, ripe during July and August. 

 The flesh is stained with red, particularly on the side next the sun, and 

 partakes somewhat of the flavour of the strawberry. It is valued only 

 for its earliness. The tree is of small habit of growth, but an excellent 

 bearer. 



There is great confusion subsisting between this variety and the Fasse-pomme 

 Rouge, which Duhamel has described under the name of Calville d'Et^. 



CALVILLE EOUGE D'HIVEE.— Fruit, large, about three kiches 

 high, and the same in width ; oblong, but not nearly so much ribbed 

 on the sides as the other Calvilles already described. Skin, covered 



