50 THE FBUIT MANUAL. 



EMPEROE ALEXANDER {Aporta; Eussian Emperor).— Frmi, 

 very large, heart-shaped. Skin, smooth, greenish yellow, with a few 

 streaks of red on the shaded side, and orange streaked with bright red 

 next the sun, the whole strewed with numerous russety dots. Eye, 

 large, and half open, with broad, erect, and acuminate segments, set 

 in deep, even, and slightly ribbed basin. Stalk, an inch or more in 

 length, inserted in a deep, round, and even cavity, which is lined with 

 russet. Flesh, yellowish white, tender, crisp, juicy, and sugary, with 

 a pleasant and slightly aromatic flavour. 



A beautiful and valuable apple, both as regards its size and quality. 

 It is more adapted for culinary than dessert use, but is also desirable 

 for the latter were it only on account of its noble appearance at the 

 table. It is in use from September to December. 



The tree is a strong and vigorous grower, producing long stout 

 shoots ; is perfectly hardy and a good bearer. 



This apple was introduced to this country by Mr. Lee, nurseryman, of Hammer- 

 smith, in 1817, and was exhibited by him at the London Horticnltural Society ; 

 the specimen produced being five inches and a half in diameter, four inches deep, 

 sixteen inches in circumference, and weighed nineteen ounces. 



ENGLISH CODLIN. — Fruit, large, conical, and irregular in its 

 outline. Skin, fine yellow, with a faint red blush on the side exposed 

 to the sun. Eye, closed. Stalk, short and stout. Flesh, white, tender, 

 and agreeably acid. 



An early cooking apple ; in use from August to September. 



Ehglischer Quittenapfel. See Lemon Pippin, 

 English Nonpareil. See Nonpareil. 

 English Pippin. See Golden Reinette, 



ESOPUS SPITZENBURGH {^sopus Spitzenherg ; True Spitzen- 

 burgh). — Fruit, large, three inches and a quarter wide, and three 

 inches high ; ovate, and regularly formed. Skin, almost entirely 

 covered with clear bright red, and marked with fawn-colom-ed russety 

 dots, except on a portion of the shaded side, where it is yellow tinged 

 and streaked with red. Eye, small and closed, set in a moderately 

 deep and undulating basin. Stalk, slender, about an inch long, 

 inserted in a wide, round, and deep cavity. Flesh, yellow, crisp, 

 juicy, richly and briskly flavoured. 



A most excellent dessert apple ; in use from November to Febmaiy. 



This is a native of the United States, and is there considered one of the best 

 dessert apples. Along with the Newtown Pippin, it ranks as one of the most pro- 

 ductive and profitable orchard fruits, but, like many, and indeed almost all the best 

 American varieties, it does not attain to that perfeciion in this country that it does 

 in its native soil. The tree is tender and subject to canker, and the fruit lacks that 

 high flavour and peculiar richness which characterises the imported specimens. It 

 was raised at Esopus, on the Hudson, where it is still grown to a large extent. 



ESSEX PIPPIN.— Fruit, small ; round and flattened, somewhat 

 oblate. Skin, smooth, green at first, but becoming of a yellowish 



