418 THE FRUIT MANUAL. 



bearer, succeeds well as a standard, either on the pear or quince, par- 

 ticularly the latter. 



Although by Dnhamel, Lechfrion is made synonymous with this, I think another 

 variety has existed under this name perfectly distinct from it. It is evident that 

 the Cassolette of Knoop is not the same as that of Duhamel, but, nevertheless, 

 Knoop makes Lechfrion synonymous with his Cassolette the same as Duhamel does, 

 and there is a Lechfrion described by Bivigre and Du Moulin as being long, large, 

 and. red, ripe in the middle of September, whilst the Cassolette is small, long, and 

 greenish ; ripe in August. Diel also thinks there are other varieties. 



The Cassolette is so named from its resemblance to a small vessel made of copper 

 and silver in which pastilles were burnt. 



CASTELLINE. — Fruit, about medium size, two inches and a 

 quarter wide, and nearly three inches high ; obovate, larger on one 

 side of the axis than the other. Skin, entirely covered with warm 

 cinnamon- coloured russet, which on the side next the sun is more 

 dense than on the shaded side, where it is thinner and in places 

 exposes the yellow ground colour. Eye, open, with short, erect seg- 

 ments, set in a shallow basin. Stalk, an inch long, obhquely inserted 

 by the side of a fleshy lip. Flesh, yellow, more so than is usual in 

 pears, buttery, melting, and richly flavoured. 



A good pear ; ripe in the beginning of November. 



CATHERINE. — Fruit, small, two inches wide, and two inches and 

 a half long ; pyriform. Skin, smooth and shining, fine clear yellow, 

 with a blush of red streaked with darker red on the side next the sun. 

 Eye, small and open, set even with the surface. Stalk, three quarters 

 of an inch long, inserted on the apex of the fruit without depression. 

 Flesh, firm, fine-grained, very juicy and sweet, but soon becomes 

 mealy. 



An early pear ; ripe in August. 



This is an old English pear mentioned by Parkinson in 1629. 



CATILLAC. — (Bon Chretien d'Amiens; Chartreme ; Grand Mo- 

 narque ; Monstrueuse des Landes ; Bell Pear; Pound Pear). — 

 Fruit, _ very large ; flatly turbinate.. Skin, at first pale green, 

 becoming after keeping a beautiful bright lemon yellow, with a 

 tinge of brownish red next the sun, and covered with numerous 

 large brown russety dots. Eye, open, with short dry segments, set in 

 a wide, even, and rather deep basin. Stalk, an inch and a half long, 

 stout, curved, and inserted in a small cavity. Flesh, white, crisp, 

 gritty, with a harsh and somewhat musky flavour. 



One of the best culinary pears ; in use from December to April. The 

 tree is hardy, vigorous, and a good bearer, succeeds well either on the 

 pear or quince. It is not desii-able that this variety be grown either 

 as an open dwarf, or as an espalier, unless the situation be sheltered, 

 when it may be grown as a standard, the fruit being so large it is apt 

 to be blown down by high winds. The fruit is smaller from a standard 

 than from a dwarf or espalier. 



