422 THE FRUIT MANUAL. 



prominence. Flesh, pale yellowish white, delicate, very juicy and 

 melting, with a sweet, pleasant, refreshing flavour. 



An excellent early pear ; ripe in July and August, and very liable 

 to crack on the surface. The tree is hardy and an abundant bearer, 

 succeeds well as a standard, and thrives well on the quince stock. 



It is one of the best early pears, and receives its name, Madeleine, from ripening 

 about St. Magdelene's day, July 22ad, and Citron des Carmes from being first seen 

 in the garden of the Carmelites at Paris. Sometimes the Bourdon is confounded 

 with this pear, as is the case by Switzer. 



Citron de Septembre. See White Doyenne. 



Clairgeau. See Beurre Clairgeau. 



Clairgeau de Nantes. See Beurre Clairgeau. 



COLMAE {D'Auch; Bergamotte Tardive; Colmar Doree ; De 

 Maune). — Fruit, above medium size ; obtuse pyriform. Skin, smooth, 

 pale green, changing to yellowish green, and strewed with grey russety 

 dots. Eye, large and open', with long segments, and get in a rather 

 deep depression. Stalk, an inch to an inch and a half long, stout, 

 curved, and inserted obliquely in an uneven cavity. Flesh, greenish 

 white, buttery, melting, tender, and with a rich sugary flavour. 



An old and highly esteemed dessert pear ; ripening in succession 

 from November to February or March. The tree is hardy and vigorous, 

 and requires to be grown against a wall, otherwise the fruit becomes 

 shrivelled and insipid. 



This seems to have made its appearance about the same time as the Chauraontel, 

 for Merlet says it has not been long about Paris, and is yet pretty rare ; but so 

 good a fruit cannot be long in a few hands. 



COLMAK D'AREMBERG {Ardente de Printemps ; d'Arenberg ; 

 Colmar Artoisenet ; Fondante de Jaffard ; Kartoffet). — Fruit, veiy 

 large ; obovate, uneven, and bossed in its outlme. Skin, lemon- 

 coloured, marked with spots and patches of russet. Eye, rather small, 

 and partially closed, set in a very deep round cavity. Stalk, short, 

 and rather slender, deeply inserted. Flesh, yellowish white, coarse- 

 grained, half-melting, juicy, and briskly flavoured. 



A fine-looking but very coarse pear ; ripe in October. 

 Raised by Van Mons about the year 1821. 



Colmar Artoisenet. See Colmar d'Aremberg. 



Colmar Bonnet. See Passe Colmar. 



COLMAR BRETAGNE.— Fruit, medium sized ; pyramidal, swollen 

 on one side. Skin, smooth, deep, clear yellow, tinged with green on 

 the shaded side, and bright vermihon next the sun, covered all over 

 with minute russety dots. Eye, open, with erect, di-y segments, pro- 

 minent, and surrounded with plaits. Stalk, half an inch to three- 

 quarters long, fleshy, inserted without depression on one side of the 

 apex. Flesh, sweet, crisp, juicy, and pleasantly flavoured. 



A dessert pear; ripe in October. I met with this variety at the 



