478 THE FBUIT MANUAL. 



attains the middle height, is healthy, and an abundant bearer, forming 

 handsome pyramids. 



It was raised by Van Mons, in 1818, and was, at the request of the King of 

 Wurtemberg, dedicated to Marechal Dillen, Chancellor of the kingdom. 



MAEECHAL VAILLANT. — Fruit, very large, three inches and a 

 half wide and four inches long ; obovate, uneven and undulating in 

 its outline. Skin, yellowish green, mottled with patches and dots 

 of brown russet. Eye, open and rather deeply set. Stalk, three- 

 quarters of an inch long, very stout, deeply inserted. Flesh, half 

 melting, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured, with a flavour of musk. 



An excellent dessert pear ; ripe in December. 



. This was raised by M. Boisbunel, of Kouen, and named in honour of Marshal 

 Vaillant, President of the Horticultural Society of Paris. 



Marianne Nouvelle. See Beurre Bosc. 



Marie Chretienne. See Marie Louise. 



MAKIE GTJISSE.— Fruit, large, four inches long, and three wide ; 

 pyriform, tapering gradually from the bulge to the apex, uneven, and 

 rather ribbed and bossed towards the eye. Skin, green at first, but 

 changing, as it attains maturity, to lemon-yellow, and occasionally with 

 a tinge of brownish red on the side exposed to the sun, the whole 

 covered with dark russet dots and specks. Eye, open, with long, 

 broad segments, and set in an irregular depression. Stalk, an inch 

 long, inserted on the end of the fruit, with a few plaits or ribs round 

 it. Flesh, yellowish white, melting, juicy, sweet, and with an acidu- 

 lous flavour, and pleasant aroma. 



An excellent late pear ; in use from February to March. 



Eaised by M. Guisse, at St. Euffine, near Metz, and named by him in compli- 

 ment to his daughter. 



MAEIE LOUISE {Braddick's Field Standard ; Maiie Chretienne ; 

 Marie Louise Delcourt : Marie Louise Nova ; Pnncesse de Panne ; 

 Van Doncklelaar). — Fruit, large, oblong or pyriform. Skin, smooth, 

 pale green, changing to yellow as it ripens, and marked with tracings 

 of thin brown russet. Eye, small and open, set in a narrow and rather 

 deep and uneven basin. Stalk, an inch and a half long, inserted without 

 depression on one side of the apex, which is generally higher on one 

 side than the other. Flesh, white, delicate, buttery, with an exceed- 

 ingly rich, sweet and vinous flavour. 



A dessert pear of the highest merit ; ripe in October and November. 



The tree is hardy, vigorous, and succeeds well either as a standard 

 or against a wall, and though the fruit is smaller from a standard than 

 from a wall, it is richer in flavour. It is an uncertain bearer and pro- 

 duces a great profusion of bloom, which tends to weaken the develop- 

 ment of fruit. It has, therefore, been recommended to thin out all the 

 small blooms with a pair of scissors, leaving only two or three on each 

 spur. 

 This excellent variety was raised in 1809 by Abb6 Duquesnc, and named in 



