"JTJKES" PRODUCED DEMORALIZATION 59 



Dugdale, in 1877, through Putnam's 

 Sons, published a study of crime, pauper- 

 ism, disease and heredity, and brought to 

 light the history of the "Jukes," who in 

 about 1780, originated from one, "Jukes," 

 a hard drinker, who lived in the upper part 

 of the State of New York, and who, in that 

 short period, had 1200 descendants. Today, 

 after a lapse of 130 years, old Jukes' 

 descendants number 2820 of which five of 

 his daughters, all own sisters, have descend- 

 ants that number 2094, all of whom carry 

 Jukes' blood, and of these 1258 are a/ive 

 today. Of these, down to 1871, 300 received 

 pauper support, equal to 2300 years of 

 pauper support to one person. 171 were 

 criminal offenders ; 250 were arrested and 

 tried for various crimes ; 60 were known as 

 habitual thieves ; and 7 were tried and con- 

 victed of murder ; 50 were prostitutes ; 40 

 of the women were known to have syphilis ; 

 and it was estimated that these 40 syphil- 

 ized 440 men, 40 of whom syphilized their 

 wives, and their progeny became tainted 

 and diseased up to an unknown number. 

 Only 20 were known to have followed any 



