INDEX 



(Illustrations are indicated by page numerals in bold-faced type.) 



Accommodation of eye, 410. 

 Afts, automatic, 404. 

 Adaptation, 28, 41, 221. 

 Adaptations, for pollination, 44, 46 ; 



for seed dispersal, 63, 54, 66, 66, 

 80; 



in birds, 297, 299, 301 ; 



in frogs, 285 ; 



in mammalia, 312 ; 



in snakes, 295 ; 



in turtles, 293 ; 



in vertebral column, 326 ; 



to environment, 144, 249. 

 Adenoids, effects of, 389. 

 Aggressive resemblance, 250, 251. 

 Air, amount of, in breathing, 384, 

 385; 



changed in lungs, 385 ; 



composition of, 17 ; 



factor in germination, 76 ; 



fresh, how to get, 419 ; 



necessity of, 405. 

 Alcohol, and ability to do work, 413 ; 



and disease, 412, 422 ; 



and longevity, 424; 



a poison, 345 ; 



as a food, 344, 346 ; 



effect on blood, 379 ; 



effect on bodily heat, 395 ; 



effect on circulation, 379 ; 



effect on digestion, 364 ; 



effect on excretion, 397 ; 



effect on intellectual ability, 413 ; 



effect on leucocytes, 423 ; 



effect on respiration, 395 ; 



in patent medicines, 350 ; 



in treatment of disease, 422 ; 



paralyzes nervous system, 411. 



Alcoholic poisoning, economic, moral, 



and social effects of, 416; 



Algae, 145. 



Alimentary canal, 362. 

 Alligator, 296. 



Alternation of generations, in ecelen- 

 terates, 208 ; 



in fern, 155 ; 



in mosses, 153 ; 



in spermatophytes, 156. 

 Alveoli, 383. 

 Amceba, parts of, 193 ; 



reproduction of, 193. 

 Amphibia, 285 ; 



characteristics of, 292; 



classification of, 292. 

 Angiosperms, 1,")7. 

 Animals, cold-blooded, 369 ; 



domestication, 316 ; 



relation of, to man, 14. 

 Annulata, classification of, 220. 

 Antennae, 223, 244. 

 Antennules, 223. 

 Antheridia, 153, 155. 

 Antherozoid, defined, 1.54, 155. 

 Ants, 255 ; 



and their "cows," 256; 



artificial nest for, 256. 

 Aphids and ants, 256. 

 Appendages of skeleton, 327. 

 Arachnida, 245, 247. 

 Archegonium, 153, 155. 

 Arteries, structure of, 374. 

 Arthropoda, classified, 247. 

 Asexual reproduction, amceba, 193 ; 



in coelenterates, 208, 209 ; 



in fern, 155 ; 



in hydra, 203 ; 



in mold, 150 ; 



in moss, 152 ; 



in paramcBcium, 192 ; 



in Spirogyra, 148. 



437 



