VAN PELT'S COW DEMONSTRATION 



appearing as the signature of a note because the indorser did 

 not read the contract which contained the information. 



The Valuable Pedigree 



The pedigree that foretells impro\ ement in future gen- 

 erations is the one that points out that the females whose 

 names and records compose it have all been great yielders 

 of milk, butterfat and profits. As surely as like produces 

 like or the likeness of some ancestor, such a sire will produce 

 offspring that are an improvement over their mothers from 

 the standpoint of production. This is the great value of a 

 bull. Worthless, indeed, and an expensive possession is the 

 bull whose daughters at the same age and under the same 

 conditions produce less butter in a given time than their 

 mothers did. 



After a careful consideration of the information imparted 

 by the pedigree, the individuality of the animal should be 

 considered. Perhaps the first consideration should be whether 

 he has the prepotency necessary for the reproduction of the 

 valuable traits of his ancestors. This is indicated by mas- 

 culinity and character. If present, the animal will have the 

 appearance and instincts of a bull expressed in his every 

 characteristic. 



Essential Points of the Bull 



In addition, every point indicative of production in the 

 cow should be present in the contour of the bull. He should 

 be outstanding in all indications of constitution, capacity, 

 nervous temperament, blood circulation and ability. 



To determine the presence or detect the absence of any 

 of these essentials, the examination should begin at the head 

 and end at the tip of the tail. The following description 

 should be complied with: 



The nostrils should be large and open ; the mouth large ; 

 the jaws broad, wide and strong ; the face long and clean-cut 

 from the eye to the nose and extremely broad between eyes 

 that are large, prominent, yet placid and expressive. The 

 horns, though heavy at the base, should be of reasonable 

 size and not coarse; the ear, of medium size, rather than 

 coarse, and covered with short, fine hair instead of that which 

 is long, coarse and wiry. The neck should be long, clean- 

 cut in the throat latch, well developed in the region of the 

 windpipe and well crested on top, denoting masculmity. A 

 head and neck of this description go far toward indicatmg 

 constitution, capacity, nervous temperament, character and 

 prepotency, all of which are desirable points to be transmitted 

 to the oiTspring. 



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