70 MALtOW FAMILY. 



« # Stem-leaves united into one usually rounded blade or cup underneath the smaU 



and whitish flowers : fl. summer. 3) 

 C. perfoli&ta occurs in some gardens, from Oregon and California; small, 

 6f no beauty ; root-leaves tufted, spatulate or lanceolate. 



22. MALVACEiE, MALLOW FAMILY. 



Known by the monadelphous numerous stamens, their tube con- 

 nected with the base of the petals, kidney-shaped 1 -celled antiiers 

 (Lessons, p. 114, fig. 238), the calyx valvate and the corolla con- 

 volute in the bud. Herbs or shrubs, with alteinate palmately-veined 

 and often lobed leaves, evident stipules, and regular flowers, the true 

 sepals and the petals o. There is commonly an involucre of several 

 bracts, resembling an outer calyx. Seeds kidney-shaped : the leafy 

 cotyledons crumpled or doubled up, in some mucilaginous albumen. 

 Innocent plants, mucilaginous, with a very tough fibrous bark. 



^ 1. Anthers alt borne in a cluster at the top of ike short tube tiff laments. 

 « Ovaries numerous and separate^ crowded in a head, in fruit becoming little l-seeded 

 pods or akenes. Involucre conspicuous as a sort oj'imler calyx. Herbs. 



1. MALOPE. Involucre of 3 ovate or heart-shaped leaves. Annuals. 



2. KITAIBELIA. Involucre of 6 - 9 ovate and pointed leaves united at the base. 



Perennial. 



• * Ovaries several or many united in a rintj around an axis, in fruit commonly 

 fulling nwuy separately, each l-seeded. Ours are all herbs. 



*~ Stigmas running dmim the side of the slender styles. 



3. ALTH^ A. Invohicre of 6 - 9 bracts united at the base. Axis of the fruit not 



pri jectin^ nor enlarjred. 



4. LAVATERA. Involucre of 3 - 6 more united bracts. Axis of the fruit over- 



topping the carpels. 

 6. WALVA. Involucre of only 3 separate bracts. Petals obcordate, otherwise 

 entire. Carpels beakless. 



6. CALLIRRHUE. Involucre of 1 - 3 bracts or none. Petals wedge-shaped and 



truncate, denticulate or cut-fringed at the end. Carpels with a sort of beak 

 at the summit. 



7. NAPiEA. Involucre none. Flowers dioecious ! 



1- *- Stigmas capitate or truncate at the apex of the styles. 



8. ANODA. Involucre none. Fruit depressed, verv flat and star-shaped, the 



sides of the numerous carpels evanescent: seed nearly horizontal. 



9. SID A. Involucre none, truit separating into 5 or more closed carpels, or 



each 2-valved at the apex: seed hanging. 



» * « Ovaries and cells of the fruit 2 - several-seeded. 



•J?" ;?;?,VTJ,';^^" involucre none. Carpels each 3 - several-seeded. 



11. MOUIOLA. Involucre of 3 bnictlets. Carpels each 2-seeded, with » cross 



partition between the upper and lower seed. 



^ 2. Anthers borne atuny the outside of the tube of filaments. Ovary and fruit 3- 

 several-celkd : sligmns capitate. Involucre present. Jlerbs, shrJibs,' or trees. 

 » Involucre of several or many bracts. 



12. M AL VAVrSCUS. Branches of the .style and stigmas in, twice as manv as the 



ce s ot the ovary. 1 etals not separating and spreading. Fruit berry-like: 

 cells l-seeded. ° r o 



13. KO.Sl'ELETZKYA. Branches of the style and stigmas 6. Pod 6-celled : the 



cells single-seeded. .■ i^ . 



14. HIBISCUS. Branches of the style or stigmas and cells of the ovarv 5. Pod 



5-celled, loculicidal; the cells many-seeded. 



» • Involucre of 3 large and heart-shaped leaf-like bracts. 

 16. GOSSYPIUM. Styles united into one: stigmas 3 -6, as many as the cells of 

 the pod. Seeds numerous, bearing cotton. 



