132 SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 



§ 1. Leaves alternate. 



1. RIBES. Leaves palmately veined and lobed ; sometimes with narrow stipules 



united with the base of the petiole. Calyx with its tube cohering with the 

 ovary, and often extended beyond it, tlie 5 lobes usually colored lilce the 

 petals. Petals and stamens each 5, on the throat of the calyx, the former 

 small and mostly erect. Styles 2 or partly united into one ; ovary 1-celled 

 with 2 parietal placentae, in fruit becoming a juicy berry, crowned with the 

 shrivelled remains of the rest of the flower. 



2. ITEA. Leaves pinnately veined, not lobed. Flowers in a raceme. Calyx 



nearly free from the 2-celled ovary, 5-cleft. Petals lanceolate, much longer 

 than the calyx, and inserted along with the 6 stamens near its base. Pod 

 slender, 2-oelled, splitting through the style and the partition. 



^ 2. Leaves opposite. Calyx-tvbe wholly coherent imth the top-shaped or hemispherical 

 ovary, but not at alt extended beyond it. 



* Stamens indefinite, 20-40. 



3. DECUMAEIA. Flowers small, in a compound terminal cyme. Calyx mi- 



nutely T - 10 toothed. Style thick. Petals 7 - 10, valvate in the bud. Pod 

 small, top-shaped, many-ribbed, bursting at the sides between the ribs. 



4. PHILADELPHUS. Flowers showy, often corymbed or panicled. Calyx with 



4 or 6 valvate lobes. Petals 4 or 5, broad, convolute in the bud. Styles 

 3-5, usually somewhat united below. Ovary 3 - 5-oelled, becoming a pod, 

 which splits at length into as many pieces. 



« * Stamens only twice as many as the petals. 8 or 10. 

 6. DEUTZIA. Flowers all alike and perfect, more or less panicled, showy. 

 Lobes of the calyx 5. Petals .5, valvate with the edges turned inwards. 

 Filaments flat, the 5 alternate ones longer, commonly with a tooth or fork on 

 each side next the top. Styles 3-5, slender. Pod 3- 5-oelled. 



6. HYDRANGEA. Flowers in cymes, commonly of two sorts, the marginal ones 



(or in high-cultivated plants almost all) enlarged and neutral, consisting of 

 corolla-like calyx only (Lessons, p. 84, fig. 167) ; the others perfect, with a 

 4-6-toothed calyx, as many small petals valvate in the bud, and twice as 

 many stamens with slender filaments. Style 2 - 5, diverging. Ovary 2-6- 

 celled, becoming a small pod which opens at the top between the styles. 



II. Herbs, forming the Saxifrage Family proper. Stipules 

 none or confluent with the base of the petiole. Seeds usually many. 



• Stamens as many as the petals and alternate tmth them, usually 5, and a cluster of 



gland-tipped sterile filaments before each petal : stigmas mostly 4, directly over 

 as many parietal placenta. 



7. PARNASSIA. Flower solitary, terminating a scape-like stem ; the leaves 



mostly from the root, rounded, smooth, and entire. Calvx free from the 

 ovary, of 5 sepals. Petals 6, veiny, imbricated in the bud. Styles none. 

 Pod 1-celled, many-seeded. 



• • Stamens only as many as the petals, i or 5: no sterile filaments ; styles 2 and 



alternate with the placenta or partition. 



8. HEUCHERA. Flowers small, in a long panicle, mostly on a scape. Calyx 



bell-shaped, the tube cohering below with the 1-celled ovary, and continued 

 beyond it, above 6-cleft, and bearing 5 small spatulate erect petals at 

 the sinuses. Styles slender. Pod 1-celled, 2-beaked at the apex, opening 

 between the beaks. f < r b 



9. BOYKINIA. Flowers in a corymb-like cyme. Calyx 6-lobed, the tube 



cohering with the 2-celled ovary. Petals 5, convolute in the bud, deciduous. 

 btyles 2, short. Pod 2-celled, opening between the two beaks. 



• » * Stamens twice the number of the petals or the lobes of the calyx, mostly 10 ; 



pod commonly 2-lobed, beaked, or 2, rarely 3-4, nearly separate pods. 

 •*- Petals entire, mostly 5. 



10. SAXIFRAGA. Flowers in cymes or panicles, or rarely solitary, perfect. 



Leaves simple or palmately cut. Petals imbricated in the bud. Pod 2- 

 ,-■ A^^irr r„? ^^,°'' ^ (™''«'y ™0'"e) Separate pistils and pods, mnnv-seeded. 



11. AbULBh. 1 lowers in spikes or racemes collected in an ample compound 



panicle, sometimes polygamous or dioecious. Leaves ample, decompound. 



