204 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



* Dish dark purple, contrasting with the yettow rays. 

 -1- Leaves long and linear, 1-nerved, entire, sessile .; heads small and mostly 

 eorymbed: involucre of leaf-like spreading scales. 



H. angustifblius, of pine-barrens from New Jersey S., has slender rough ■ 

 stems 2° - 6° high, lower leaves opposite and rough. , . , , 



H. orgy&lis, of Kansas and Arlcansas, cult., has stems (6° -10° high), and 

 crowded very narrow alternate leaves smooth : fl. late. 



t- M- Leaves oval or lanceolate, opposite: stems 1° -3° high, hearing solitary or 

 few long-peduncled rather large heads: involucre of short dose scales. 



H. heteroph^Uus, of low pine-barrens S. ; rather hairy, with lowest 

 leaves oval or oblong, upper ones lance-linear and few ; scales of involucre 

 lanceolate. 



H. rigidus, of dry prairies W. & S. ; rough, with thick firm leaves lance- 

 oblong or the lower oval ; scales of the involucre ovate or oblong, blunt. 



* » Disk yellow as well as the rays, or hardly dingy-brownish. 

 I- Scales of the involucre short andbroadlu lanceolate, regularly imbricated, without 

 leaf-like tips: leaves nearly ail opposite and nearly entire. 



H. OCeident^lis, of dry barrens from Ohio W. & S. : somewhat hairy, 

 with slender simple stems 1° - 3° high, sending off runners from base, naked 

 above, bearing 1-5 heads ; lowest leaves ovate or lance-ovate ; upper ones 

 narrow, small and distant. 



H. mollis, of same situations, is soft white-woolly all over, 2° -4° high, 

 leafy to the top, the leaves heart-ovate and partly clasping. 



■t- -I- Scales of the involucre looser and leafy-tipped : stems leafy to the top. 



*+ Leaves chiefly alternate and not triple-ribbed. 



H. gigantfeus, common in low grounds N. ; rough and rather hairy, 3° - 

 10° high, with lanceolate serrate nearly sessile leaves, and pale yellow rays. 



++ ++ Leaves mainly opposite, except in the last, S-ribhed at base or triple-ribbed. 



H. divarie&tus, common in dry sterile soil, has smooth stem l°-3° high, 

 rough ovate-lanceolate leaves tapering to a point and 3-nerved at the rounded 

 sessile base. 



H. hirstltus, only W., differs from the preceding in its rough-hairy stem 

 1° - 2° high, and leaves with narrower base more or less petioled. 



H. Strumbsus, common in low grounds, has mostly smooth stems 3° -4° 

 high, broadly lanceolate or lance-ovate leaves rough above and whitish or white- 

 downy beneath, their margins beset with fine appressed teeth, and petioles short 

 and margined. 



H. decap^talus, so named because (like the preceding) it commonly has 

 10 rays ; common along streams, has branching stems 3° - 6° high, thin and 

 bright-green smoothish ovate leaves coarsely toothed and abruptly contracted 

 into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre long and loose. 



H. tuberbsus, Jerusalem Artichoke (i. e. GimsoJe or Sunflower in 

 Italian, corrupted in England into .Terusalem) : cult, for the tubers and run 

 wild in fence-rows, probably a state of a wild S. W. species ; 5° -7° high, with 

 triple-ribbed ovate petioled leaves, rough-hairy as well as the stems, all the 

 upper ones alternate, the running rootstocks ending in ovate or oblong edible 

 tubers. 



58. HELIOPSIS, OXEYE. (Greek-made name, from the likeness to 

 Sunflower. ) 



H. ISBVis, our only species, common in rich or low grounds, resembles 

 a Sunflower of the last section, but has pistillate rays and 4-sided akenes with- 

 out pappus : l°-4° high, smooth; leaves ovate or lance-ovate, triple-ribbed, 

 petioled, serrate; head of golden-yellow flowers terminating the branches, in 

 summer, y. 



