324 ORCHIS FAMILT. 



Jower face of which is the stigma. Lip broad, erect, -with a recurvmg 

 rounded apex and a bearded crest down the face. Pollen-masses 4, two in 

 each cell of the anther. 



7. CALOPOGON. Flowers 2, 3, or several, in a raceme-like loose spike; the lip 



turned towards the axis, diverging widely from the slender (above wing-mar- 

 gined) style, narrower at base, larger and rounded at the apex, strongly 

 bearded along the face. Sepals and the 2 petals nearly alike, lance-ovate, 

 separate and spreading. Anther lid-like : pollen-masses 4. 



8. POGONIA. Flowers one or few terminating a leaf-bearing stem; the sepals 



- and petals separate ; lip crested or 3-lobed. Style club-shaped, wingless :. 

 stigma lateral. Anther lid-like, somewhat stalked: pollen-masses 2, only one 

 in each cell. 



*+ ++ Fhwers mostly small, dull-colored, in a spike or raceme on a brownish or yel- 

 lowish leajiess scape ; pollen-masses 4, globular, sqfl-waxy. 



9. CORALLOEHIZ A. Flowers with sepals and petals nearly alike ; the lip broader, 



2-ridged on the face below, from its base descends a short sac or"obscure spur 

 which adheres to the upper part of the ovary. Scape with sheaths in place 

 of leaves ; the root or rootstock thickish, much branched and coral-like. 



10. APLECTRUM. Flowers as in No. 9, but no trace of a spur or sac, lartjer. 



Scape rising from a large solid bulb or corm, which also produces, at a differ- 

 ent season, a broad and many-nerved green leaf 



• « Anthers 2 (Lessons p. Ill, fig. 226), borne one on each side of the style, and a 



trowel-shaped body on the upper side answers to the third stamen, the one that 

 alone is present in other Orchids ; pollen powdery or pulpy : stigma ruughish, 

 not glutinous. 



11. CYPRIPEDIUM. Sepals in appearance generally only 2, and petals 2, besides 



the lip which is a large inflated sac, into the mouth of which the style, bear- 

 ing the stamens and terminated by the broad terminal stigma, is declined. 

 Pollen sticky on the surface, as if with a delicate coat of varnish, powdery or 

 at length pulpy underneath. 



1. EPIDENDUM. (Name in Greek means upon a tree, i. e. an epiphyte.) 

 E. COIl6pseum, our only wild Orchideous Epiphyte or Air-plant, is found 



from South Carolina S. & W. on the boughs of Magnolia, &c., clinging to the 

 bark by its matted roots, its tuberous rootstocks bearing thick and firm lance- 

 olate leaves (1' -3' long), and scapes 2' -6' long, with a raceme of small greenish 

 and purplisli flowers, in summer. (Lessons, p. 34, 35, fig. 35.) 



2. ORCHIS. (Theancient name, from the Greek.) We have only one true 

 Orchis, viz. 



O. spectabilis, Showt Orchis. Rich hilly woods N. ; with 2 oblong 

 obovate glossy leaves (3 '-5' long) from the fleshy-fibrous root, and a leafy- 

 bracted scape 4' -7' high, bearing in a loose spike a few pretty flowers, pink- 

 purple, the ovate lip white : in late spring. 



3. HABEKARIA, populariy called ORCHIS. (Name from Latin hahena, 

 a rein or thong, from the shape of the lip of the corolla in some species. ) 

 Flowers in a terminal spike, each in the axil of a bract, in late spring or sum- 

 mer. In all but one species the ovary twists and the lip occupies the lower or 

 anterior side of the flower. 



§ 1. Fringed Orchis. Lip and often the other petals cut-fringed or cleft, 

 shorter than the long curving spur : cells of the anther more or less divergir^ 

 and tapering below, the sticky gland at their lower end strongly projecting 

 forwards. 27ie.se are our handsomest wild Orchises : all grow in bogs or low 

 grounds: stems leafy, l°-4° high. 



• Flowers violet-purple, in summer: the lip fan-shaped, 3-parted nearly down to the 



stalk-like base, and the divisions more or less fringed. 



H. flmbri^ta, Larger Purple Fringed O. Wet meadows from Pcnn. 

 N. E. : lower leaves oval or oblong, upper few and small; racemc-liko spike 

 oblong, with rather few large flowers in early summer ; petals oblong, toothed 

 down the sides ; lip almost 1' wide, hanging, cut into a delicate fringe. 



