SUMMARY OF 'PHILOSOPHJE ZOOLOGIQUE.' 297 



successive generations, would undoubtedly do so. If to 

 the effects of captivity there be added also those of 

 changed climate, changed food, and changed actions for 

 the purpose of laying hold of food, these, united together 

 and become constant, would in the course of time 

 develop an entirely new breed." 



This, again, is almost identical with the passage from 

 Buffon,* p. 148 of this volume. See also pp. 169, 170. 



" Where can our many domestic breeds of dogs be 

 found in a wild state ? Where are our bulldogs, grey- 

 hounds, spaniels, and lapdogs, breeds presenting differ- 

 ences which, in wild animals, would be certainly called 

 specific ? These are all descended from an animal nearly 

 allied to the wolf, if not from the wolf itself. Such 

 an animal was domesticated by early man, taken at 

 successive intervals into widely different climates, 

 trained to different habits, carried by man in his 

 migrations as a precious capital into the most distant 

 countries, and crossed from time to time with other 

 breeds which had been developed in similar ways. 

 Hence our present multiform breeds." t 



Here, also, it is impossible to forget Buffon's passages 

 on the dog, given pp. 121, 122. See also p. 223. 



"Observe the gradations which are found between 

 the ranwnculus aquatilis and the rawumeulus hederaceus : 

 the latter — a land plant — resembles those parts of the 

 former which grow above the surface of the water, but 

 not those that grow beneath it.J 



* ' Hist. Nat.,' torn. xi. p. 290. f ' Phil. Zool.,' torn. i. p. 231. 

 t Page 231. See Dr. Darwin's note on Trapa natans, 'Botanic 

 Garden,' part ii. canto 4, 1. 204. 



