APPALACHIAN AND "WHITE MOTTNTAIN WATEESHEDS. 



31 



. The main centers for such mountainous and nonagricultural lands 

 in the Soutliern Appalachians are, first, the Blue Ridge and Great 

 Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee, South Carolina 

 and Georgia; second, the Allegheny Mountains of eastern and south- 

 ern West Virginia and western Virginia, and, third, the Cumberland 

 Mountains of eastern Kentucky, Tennessee, and northern Alabama. 

 These lands include the main moimtain ranges, and the roughest, 

 wildest land of the region. Naturally, they embrace a smaller pro- 

 portion of agricultural lands than other parts of the region, and those 

 which they do embrace have for the most part been eliminated, as 

 will be seen from the irregular boundaries on the map. Regardless 

 of these eliminations they still include some small bodies of agricul- 

 tural lands. These areas, though they contain only 40 per cent of the 

 timbered land of the Southern Appalachians, include almost all of 

 the virgin timberlands, because the virgin timber which remains is 

 mostly situated on the high moimtains. Even though these lands 

 do produce an inferior grade of timber, their sole use must be for 

 timber production. There is no other crop which will hold the grav- 

 elly, stony soil in place and keep it from clogging the channels of 

 streams and covering the agricultural valleys which lie below. 

 These nonagricultural and mountainous lands, approximating 23 

 million acres, give rise to all the important streams which have their 

 source in the Southern Appalachians. They are therefore the vital 

 portions of these mountains. Whatever work is done to protect the 

 Southern Appalachians must center in these areas. The proportion 

 to which these lands fall into different States and watersheds is 

 shown in the following tables: 



Table 4. — Area, by StaUs, of nonagricultural and motintainovs lands in the Southern 



Appalachians. 



Tennpssee 



Virginia 



Alabama 



Georgia 



Kentuclcy. 



Nortli Carolina 



Area. 



Acres . 

 4,962,000 

 3,882,000 

 491,000 

 1,806,000 

 1,623,000 

 3,882,000 



State. 



West Virginia . . 

 Soutii Carolina. 

 Maryland 



Total. 



Acres, 

 5,797,000 

 590.000 

 277,000 



23,310,000 



T.4.BLE 5. — Area, hy watersheds, of nonagricultural and mountainous lands in the 

 Southern xippalachians. 



Watershed. 



Tennessee 



Cumberland 



Holston 



James 



Eoanoke (Staunton) 



New (Kanawlia) 



Big Sandy 



Hiawassee 



Little Tennessee 



ITrencli Broad 



Pigeon 



Little River 



Mooongahela 



Nolichucky -. 



Youghioghe^y 



Rapidan 



Area. 



Acres. 



2,489. 



2,759, 

 582, 



1,138! 

 43L 



3,225; 



1,347, 



1,066, 



1,307, 

 623, 

 265, 

 202; 

 987, 

 379, 

 117, 

 151, 



Watershed. 



Yadkin 



Big Pigeon 



Catawba 



Broad 



Potomac 



Chattahoochep 

 Little Pigeon.. 

 Twelve Pole . . . 



Savannah 



Guyandotto . . . 



Saluda 



Kentucky 



Coosa 



Total.... 



Ai 



res. 



428,000 



20,000 



502,000 



299, 000 



,095,000 



345,000 



19,000 



1,000 



860,000 



660,000 



100,000 



1,56; 000 



767,000 



23,310,000 



